Memorizing Functional Groups
Chemical class
Group
Formula
GraphicalFormula
Prefix
Suffix
Example
Acyl halide
2
Haloformyl
RCOX
haloformyl-
-oyl halide
Acetyl chloride
3
(Ethanoyl chloride)
Alcohol
4
Hydroxyl
5
OH
hydroxy-
-ol
Methanol
6
Aldehyde
7
Aldehyde
8
RCHO
oxo-
-al
Acetaldehyde
9
(Ethanal)
Alkane
10
Alkyl
11
RH
n
alkyl-
-ane
Methane
12
Alkene
13
Alkenyl
14
R^2
C=CR
2
alkenyl-
-ene
Ethylene
15
(Ethene)
Alkyne
16
Alkynyl
17
RC
≡CR’
alkynyl-
-yne
Acetylene
18
(Ethyne)
Amide
19
Carboxamide
20
RCONR
2
carboxamido-
-amide
Acetamide
21
(Ethanamide)
2 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl%20chloride
4 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
5
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Hydroxyl
6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol
7 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
8 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaldehyde
10 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
11
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Alkyl
12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane
13 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
14 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
15
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene
16 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
17 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylene
19 Chapter
131.1
on page
421
20
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Carboxamide
21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetamide