Arabic: An Essential Grammar

15.21 The suffix pronouns may be attached to the bound particle

ياَِّإ^

iyya ̄, which functions as supporter for the direct object when it is

placed first or when the verb takes a suffix pronoun that denotes the

indirect object.

يا َك َن ْس َت ِعي ُنَّيا َك َن ْع ُب ُد َو ِإَِّإ

iyya ̄-ka na



budu wa-

iyya ̄-ka nasta



ı

• nu.

Thee (alone) do we worship; Thee (alone) we do ask for help.

(Quran)

يا ُهََّبا َع ِ ني ِإ ba ̄



a-nı

• 
  
  iyya ̄-hu. He sold it to me.

In the above sentence the suffix pronoun after the verb is the indirect

object. Therefore the particle ياَِّإ

iyya ̄ is needed to carry the suffix

pronoun that functions as direct object.

(a) The particle ياَِّإ

iyya ̄ can also be used in the meaning ‘(together)

with’ in combination with the prefixed conjunction َو wa in

phrases coordinating a separate pronoun with a suffix pronoun,

e.g.

يا ُه ْمََّأ َ نا َو ِإ^

ana ̄ wa-

iyya ̄-hum, I together with them

(b) The particle ياَِّإ

iyya ̄ may be used as a warning when it is attached

to a suffix pronoun in the second person singular and plural,

e.g.

15.22 The

alif maqs

̇

u ̄rah (^) ى... /a ̄/ changes to the regular form of
ا... /a ̄/ when a suffix pronoun is attached to the word, e.g.
يا َك ْل َك ِذ َبَِّإ^


iyya ̄-ka l-kad
̄
iba.
Beware of lies!
OR يا َك َوْل َك ِذ َبَِّإ


iyya ̄-ka wa-l-kad
̄
iba.
َر َمى rama ̄, he threw َر َما ُه rama ̄-hu, he threw it
Separate
personal
pronouns
and suffix
pronouns
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