Arabic: An Essential Grammar

(c) VI can also denote a successive or uninterrupted sequence

(intransitive).

Iَسـ َقـ َط saqat
̇

aVIَتـ َسـا َقـ َط tasa ̄qat

̇

a imperf. َيـ َت َسـا َق ُط yatasa ̄qat

̇

u

to fall to fall consecutively, one after the other

Form VII

VII this form is prefixed with ِإ ْنـ... /

in.../, and ِإ /

i.../ is elided in the imperfect

tense. It is reflexive-passive or anticausative of form I (intransitive).

Iَك َس َر kasara VIIِإ ْنـ َكـ َسر

inkasara imperf. َيـ ْنـ َكـ ِسـ ُر yankasiru

to break to break (by itself), get broken

Form VIII

VIII has an infix ..ـتـ.. /...t.../ in the middle and is prefixed with ِإ /

i.../, which

is elided in the imperfect tense.

(a) VIII is reflexive-intransitive of form I.

Iَج َم َع g ̆ama



a VIIIِإ ْج َت َم َع

ig ̆tama



a imperf. َي ْج َت ِم ُع yag ̆tami



u

to collect (trans. ) to gather, come together (intr.)

(b) VIII has the passive meaning of form I.

Iَح َر َق h
̇

araqa VIIIِإ ْح َت َر َق ih

̇

taraqa imperf. َي ْح َت ِر ُق yah

̇

tariqu

to burn (trans.) to be burned, burn (intr.)

(c) VIII sometimes has the same meaning as form I (transitive).

I َش َرى

ِ

sˇara ̄ VIIIِإ ْش َت َرى

isˇtara ̄ imperf. َي ْش َت ِري yasˇtarı

to buy to buy

Iَبا َع ba ̄



a VIIIِإ ْب َتا َع

ibta ̄



a imperf. َي ْب َتا ُع yabta ̄



u

to sell to buy

Form IX

IX has its last consonant doubled and is prefixed with ِإ /

i.../, which is

elided in the imperfect tense. It refers to colours or defects and has

the meaning ‘to become or turn...’. It is intransitive and can be formed

from the first or second form or directly from adjectives.^121

Derived

verb forms,

transitive

and

intransitive

verbs