(b) The second strongest vowel is d
̇ammah ــُــ /u/.
(c) The weakest vowel is fath
̇ah (^) ـَـــ /a/.
(d) The suku ̄n (^) ـْـــ is not a vowel and has no related letter. It is con-
sidered as the weakest of all, except when it is written with ya ̄
, as
mentioned above.
Note: Hamzah at the beginning of a word has already been discussed in
chapter 7.
20.3 Hamzah in the middle of a word
When the hamzah appears with a suku ̄n in the middle of a word, the
bearer of the hamzah is the related letter of the preceding vowel,
e.g.
(The bearer of the hamzah is the related letter of the preceding vowel,
because the preceding vowel is stronger than its own suku ̄n.)
20.4 When the hamzah appears with a vowel of its own after a suku ̄n
in the middle of a word, the bearer of the hamzah is the related letter of
its own vowel, e.g.
(The bearer of the hamzah is the related letter of its own vowel, because
its own vowel is stronger than the preceding suku ̄n.)
20.5 When the hamzah appears with a vowel of its own after another
vowel in the middle of a word, the bearer of the hamzah is the related
letter of the stronger one of these two vowels, e.g.
َب ْأ ٌس ُب ْؤ ٌس ِب ْئ ٌس
ba
sun, harm bu
sun, misery bi
sun, misfortune
َي ْس َأ ُل َم ْس ُؤو ٌل َأ ْس ِئَل ٌة
yas
alu, he asks mas
u ̄lun, responsible
as
ilatun, questions
(a)ُس ِئ َل su
ila, he was asked ِم َئ ٌة mi
atun, hundred
(The kasrah of the hamzah is (The preceding kasrah is
stronger than the preceding
d
̇
ammah.)
stronger than the fath
̇
ah of the
hamzah.)
136
Rules for
writing the
hamzah
(hamzatu
l-qat
̇
i)