Note b: The word َأ ْش َيا ُء
asˇya ̄
u ‘things’ (sing. َش ْي ٌء sˇay
un) is an
exception because it is a diptote in the Quran.
(d) A few nouns and adjectives ending in ـى
ِ
.. are indeclinable (they
have the same form in all cases) in both the definite and indefinite
form, e.g.
22.5 Broken plurals as diptotes
Broken plurals having the pattern of َم َفا ِع ُل mafa ̄
ilu or َم َفا ِعي ُل mafa ̄
ı ̄lu
are diptotes, e.g.
Exercises
Practise your reading:
1
ُتْعَمَتْسِإ
2
) ٌنِّذَؤُم .s ( َّنيِنَ ذَؤُمـِل
3
يِف َنيِزاَتْمُم
4
) ٌدِجْسَم .s ( َدِجاَسَم
5
َةَّ كَم يِف ٍةَديِدَع
6
.ِةَم َّ رَكُمـْل
(1)
istama
tu li-mu
ad
̄
d
̄
inı
- na mumta ̄zı
- na fı
- masa ̄g ̆ida
- na fı
adı
- datin fı
- Makkata
l-mukarramati.
1
I listened to
3
excellent
2
muezzins (
2
reciters of the Holy Quran) in
5
many
4
mosques in the
6
Honored (Holy) city of Mecca.
را ٌءَُّق (v. َس َما ٌء َق َر َأ (v. ِش َرا ٌء َس َم َو (v. َش َر َي
qurra ̄
un qara
a) sama ̄
un samawa) sˇira ̄
un sˇaraya)
readers heaven purchase, buy(ing)
Indefinite Definite
َم ْق ًهى maqhan, a coffee house َأْلـ َم ْق َهى^
al-maqha ̄
ُس ْك َنى sukna ̄, housing, dwelling س ْك َنىُّ َأل^
as-sukna ̄
دَُّم َوا َأ َصا ِب ُع َأ َكا ِر ُم َم َسا ِج ُد
mawa ̄ddu
as
̇
a ̄bi
u
aka ̄rimu masa ̄g ̆idu
materials fingers nobles mosques
َع َصا ِفي ُر َق َنا ِدي ُل َش َبا ِبي ُك َأ َنا ِشي ُد
as
̇
a ̄fı
- ru qana ̄dı
- lu sˇaba ̄bı
- ku
- lu sˇaba ̄bı
ana ̄sˇı
- du
birds lamps windows songs, hymns
156
Triptotes
and
diptotes