Arabic: An Essential Grammar

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(23) La ̄m (^) ل /l/ A voiced alveolar lateral as the l in English ‘let’.
(24) Mı ̄m (^) م /m/ A voiced bilabial nasal as the m in English ‘moon’.
(25) Nu ̄n (^) ن /n/ A voiced alveolar nasal as the n in English ‘nine’.
(26) Ha ̄

(^) هـ (ه) /h/ A voiceless glottal fricative as the h in English
‘head’.
Note: This letter has another function when it occurs at the end of a word with
two superscript dots: ...ـة v ة Then it is pronounced exactly like ت /t/ (3) and is
called ta ̄

marbu ̄t
̇
ah (see chapter 10 on gender).
(27) Wa ̄w (^) و /w/ A voiced bilabial semivowel, as the w in English
‘well’.
(28) Ya ̄

(^) ي /y/ A voiced alveo-palatal semivowel, as the y in English
‘yes’.
8
Pronuncia-
tion of
consonants

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