Arabic: An Essential Grammar

(See conjugation A2.4 of the verb َت ْر َج َم targ ̆ama in Appendix 2.)

Note: Observe that the derived form II of the quadriliteral verb has the pattern

and meaning of form V, and form IV the pattern and meaning of form IX of

triliteral verbs.

َد ْح َر َج dah

̇

rag ̆a ُي َد ْح ِر ُج yudah

̇

rig ̆u َد ْح َر َج ٌة dah

̇

rag ̆atun

to roll rolling

َق ْه َق َه qahqaha ُي َق ْه ِق ُه yuqahqihu َق ْه َق َه ٌة qahqahatun

to laugh

boisterously

loud burst of laughter

َد ْه َو َر dahwara ُي َد ْه ِو ُر yudahwiru َد ْه َو َر ٌة dahwaratun

to hurl down downfall

َط ْم َأ َن t

̇

am

ana ُي َط ْم ِئ ُن yut

̇

am

inu َط ْم َأ َن ٌة t

̇

am

anatun

to calm, pacify pacification

Form II

Perfect Imperfect Verbal noun (mas

̇

dar)

َت َزْل َز َل tazalzala َي َت َزْل َز ُل yatazalzalu َت َزْل ُز ٌل tazalzulun

to shake, quake

(earth)

earthquake

َت َفْل َس َف tafalsafa َي َت َفْل َس ُف yatafalsafu َت َفْل ُس ٌف tafalsufun

to philosophize philosophizing

َت َش ْي َط َن tasˇayt

̇

ana َي َت َش ْي َط ُن yatasˇayt

̇

anu َت َش ْي ُط ٌن tasˇayt

̇

unun

to act like the

devil

behaving like a

devil

Form IV

Perfect Imperfect Verbal noun (mas

̇

dar)

نَّ ِإ ْط َم َأ

it

̇

ma

anna نُّ َي ْط َم ِئ yat

̇

ma

innu ِإ ْط ِم ْئ َنا ٌن

it

̇

mi

na ̄nun

to remain quiet,

to be relieved

calmness, relief

زَِّإ ْش َم َأ

isˇma

azza زَُّي ْش َم ِئ yasˇma

izzu ِإ ْش ِم ْئ َزا ٌز

isˇmi

za ̄zun

to feel disgust,

to become

disgusted

disgust

220

Doubled

verbs,

quadrilit-

eral verbs