Arabic: An Essential Grammar

33.4 If the final radical is ي /y/ and the middle radical has the vowel

fath
̇

ah /a/, then the basic form ends in

alif maqs

̇

u ̄rah (^) ى.. َ .. /...a ̄/ (con-
traction of ...a-y-a), and the imperfect ends in ي..ِ. /...ı ̄/ (contraction
of ...i-y-u):
33.5 A very small number of verbs, of the type discussed above in
paragraph 33.4, have


alif maqs
̇
u ̄rah (^) َـى ... /...a ̄/ (contraction of ...a-y-u)
also in the imperfect tense, e.g.
33.6 All verb forms I–X of roots with a weak final radical ...ـو /w/
or ي... /y/ omit this final radical in the jussive and imperative, e.g.
َن ِس َي َي ْن َسى (for: َي ْن َس ُي
nasiya, to forget yansa ̄ yansayu)
Perfect (3. masc. sing.) Imperfect (3. masc. sing.)
َق َضى (for: َق َض َي َي ْق ِضي
qad
̇
a ̄, to judge qad
̇
aya) yaqd
̇
ı-
َر َمى (for: َرم َي َي ْر ِمي
rama ̄, to throw ramaya) yarmı-
Perfect (3. masc. sing.) Imperfect (3. masc. sing.)
َس َعى (for: َس َع َي َي ْس َعى (for: َي ْس َع ُي
sa

a ̄, to strive sa

aya) yas

a ̄ yas

ayu)
َن َهى (for: َن َه َي َي ْن َهى (for: َي ْن َه ُي
naha ̄, to forbid nahaya) yanha ̄ yanhayu)
Perfect Imperf. ind. Imperf. juss. Imperative
َر َمى َي ْر ِمي َي ْر ِم ِإ ْر ِم!
rama ̄, to throw yarmı

• yarmi

irmi!

َر َجا َي ْر ُجو َي ْر ُج ُأ ْر ُج!

rag ̆a ̄, to hope yarg ̆u ̄ yarg ̆u

urg ̆u!

ِإ ْر َت َضى (VIII) َي ْر َت ِضي َي ْر َت ِض !ِإ ْر َت ِض




irtad

̇

a ̄, to be satisfied yartad

̇

ı

• yartad
  ̇

i

irtad

̇

i!

247

Verbs with

a weak final

radical,

doubly

weak verbs