Mind, Brain, Body, and Behavior

48 FARRERAS

NIH Research Associates, 1958 (Left to right: Sid Gilman, Norman Bauman, Peter Huttenlocher,

Edward Cohen, Donald Smiley, George Bray, and Parker Small)

Donated to the Office of NIH History by Dr. Sid Gilman

The program gained in popularity, peaking in 1973 with 229 Asso­

ciates.^67 Prior to 1957, however, when the program began to require

formal applications, Associates were often hand-selected and were

considered the “cream of the cream” or the “Tiffanys” of the medical

field.^68 Following their two-year service periods, they would return to the

medical field and become the future physician-scientist leaders.^69 In the

meantime, they had a lasting impact on the research conducted in the

NIMH and the NINDB intramural programs.

Basic Research Director Transition: Livingston

to Eberhart

By October 1959, Robert B. Livingston began discussing organizational

changes and the future of the two institutes’ joint basic program with

the institutes’ laboratory and branch chiefs as well as the NIMH and the

NINDB directors.^70 As he had stated in his 1959 Annual Report, he wanted

to step down as director of the joint institute program in basic research

for several reasons. He believed that Kety had set a precedent for changing