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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Funding:This work was supported by the National Key Research

and Development Program of China (2019YFA0110101 and

2017YFA0103303 to X.W.; 2017YFA0102601 to Q.W.), the Strategic

Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

(XDA16020601 and XDB32010100 to X.W.), the National Natural

Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (81891001 and 31771140

to X.W.), the BUAA-CCMU Big Data and Precision Medicine

Advanced Innovation Center Project (BHME-2019001 to X.W.),

the Wellcome Trust (215556/Z/19/Z to O.M.), and Collaborative

Research Fund of Chinese Institute for Brain Research (2020-NKX-

PT-03). For the purpose of open access, the author has applied

a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript

version arising from this submission.Author contributions:X.W.,

O.M., and Q.W. conceived of the project and supervised research.

T.L., B.W., and L.S. collected the samples. Y.S., Q.M., and Z.L.

performed the scRNA-seq experiments. M.W., D.M., S.Z., and H.D.

analyzed the scRNA-seq data. Y.S., Y.C., X.Z., and W.W. prepared the

samples and carried out the immunofluorescent staining and

image data analysis. J.Z. assisted with animal maintenance. Y.S.,

M.W., D.M., Q.W., O.M., and X.W. wrote the manuscript. All authors

edited and proofed the manuscript.Competing interests:The

authors declare no competing interests.Data and materials

availability:The scRNA-seq data used in this study have been

deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) under the

accession number GSE135827. The supplementary materials contain

additional data. All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the

paper are present in the paper or the supplementary materials.

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS

science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj6641

Materials and Methods

Figs. S1 to S12

Tables S1 to S9

References ( 69 – 74 )

MDAR Reproducibility Checklist

Movie S1

25 May 2021; accepted 22 October 2021

10.1126/science.abj6641

Shiet al.,Science 374 , eabj6641 (2021) 10 December 2021 12 of 12

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