Inuet A minor goddess of Egypt, considered a consort
of the deity MONTUof ERMENT. A statue of Inuet is on dis-
play in modern Luxor.
Inventory Stela A commemorative tablet discovered in
an excavation of the Great SPHINXat GIZA, actually found
in a temple of ISISon the site, the stela was dedicated to
Isis as “the Mistress of the Pyramid.” The Inventory Stela
identifies a building once beside the Great Sphinx as the
temple of Isis in Rosta. This edifice served as a portal to
the causeway of KHAFRE(Chephren; r. 2520–2494 B.C.E.).
The stela indicates that the Isis temple, east of the Great
Pyramid of KHUFU(Cheops; r. 2551–2528 B.C.E.), was on
the Giza plateau before the pyramids were constructed.
References to the Great Sphinx are equally enigmatic.
Inyotef I (Sehertawy)(d. 2118 B.C.E.)Founder of the
Eleventh Dynasty
Called the Elder, he reigned from 2134 B.C.E. until his
death. Inyotef I was the son of MONTUHOTEP I, inheriting
military problems in a time of unrest. With his capital at
THEBES, Inyotef I began to attack neighboring nomes and
the cities of KOPTOS, DENDEREH, and HERAKLEOPOLIS, the
holdings of rival clans. Uniting the nomes of Upper
Egypt, he remained independent of the Ninth and Tenth
Dynasties, contemporaries that held limited realms in the
north. Inyotef I was buried at DRA-ABÚ EL-NAGA, Saff el-
Dawaba, in Thebes. His mortuary cult was conducted by
his successors.
Inyotef II(Wah’ankh)(d. 2069 B.C.E.)Second ruler of
the Theban Eleventh Dynasty
He was the brother of INYOTEF I, whom he succeeded,
and ruled from 2118 B.C.E. until his death. Inyotef II was
militarily active, leading an army against Herakleopolis’s
allies at ASSIUT. The army of Assiut attacked the city of
THINIS, desecrating the tombs in the local necropolis,
bringing shame upon the northerners, and motivating the
Theban clans to assault them.
Inyotef II also faced a famine in Upper Egypt and had
to import produce and regulate the distribution of needed
rations. He erected temples for SATETand KHNUMon the
ELEPHANTINE Island for famine relief. His queen was
NEFERU-KHAYET(1),the mother of his heir, INYOTEF III.
Inyotef II was depicted on a tomb STELAwith his five
DOGS. That monument was found at el-TARIFand is now
in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. He is mentioned as
well in the WESTCAR PAPYRUS. Inyotef was buried at Saff
el-Kisiya, el-Tarif, at Thebes.
Inyotef III (Nakhtnebtepnufer)(d. 2061 B.C.E.)
Third ruler of the Theban Eleventh Dynasty
He reigned from 2069 B.C.E. until his death. Inyotef III
was the father of MONTUHOTEP II, the unifier of Egypt.
Militarily active, Inyotef III pushed the Theban domain to
ASSIUT. He also defended ABYDOSand other Upper Egyp-
tian cities from northern assaults. A truce with HIERAKON-
POLISbrought a period of calm to the region. Called
Inyotef the Great, his name was inscribed on the walls of
GEBEL EL-SILSILEH. His queen was AOH (or Yah), the
mother of Montuhotep II. His secondary queen was Hen-
ite. Inyotef III was elderly when he assumed the Theban
throne. He was the son of INYOTEF IIand Queen NEFERU-
KHAYET. He was buried in DRA-ABÚ EL-NAGA, Saff el-Bagar,
and is depicted in reliefs near ASWAN. Inyotef III is listed
in the TURIN CANON.Inyotef IV(fl. 16th century B.C.E.) Ruler of the Seven-
teenth Dynasty at Thebes whose date of rule is unknown
He reigned at THEBES and controlled much of Upper
Egypt as part of this royal line.Inyotef V (Nubkheperré)(d. c. 1635 B.C.E.)Ruler of
the second group of the Seventeenth Dynasty
Called “the Old,” he ruled at THEBESfrom c. 1640 B.C.E.
until his death. Militarily active, Inyotef V campaigned in
ABYDOS, KOPTOS, and other sites. He is noted for the KOP-
TOS DECREE, a legal document issued to punish a noble-
man named Teti, who was charged and convicted of
stealing temple goods. His anthropoid coffin is in the
British Museum in London, and his royal diadem is in
Leiden, Netherlands. Inyotef V was buried in DRA-ABÚ EL-
NAGAat Thebes.Inyotef VI(fl. 16th century B.C.E.)Ruler of Thebes in
the Seventeenth Dynasty, whose reign is undated
He was the son of SOBEKEMSAF I. Inyotef VI was buried at
DRA-ABÚ EL-NAGAat THEBESwith his ancestors.Inyotef VII (Nubkheperre)(fl. 16th century B.C.E.)
Ruler of the Theban Seventeenth Dynasty, dates of reign
unclear
He was the father of TA’OIand a contemporary of the
HYKSOSruler APOPHIS(2) (1585–1553 B.C.E.). Inyotef VII
was a warrior who defended the Theban lands from the
Hyksos assaults and built at ABYDOS, ELKAB, KARNAK, and
KOPTOS. He also issued a decree concerning the temple of
MIN. Inyotef VII was mentioned in the TURIN CANON.He
was buried at DRA-ABÚ EL-NAGA at THEBES with his
weapons. His wife was SOBEKEMSAF, the mother of Ta’o I.Inyotefoker See INTEFOKER.Ipsus The site of a major battle between the members
of the DIADOCHE, the council of Greek warriors who
struggled for power following the death of ALEXANDER
[III]THE GREAT(323 B.C.E.), Ipsus was located in Phrygia,
modern Turkey, and there a coalition of PTOLEMY I SOTER
(304–284 B.C.E.), Cassander, LYSIMACHUS, and SELEUCUS IIpsus 181