Encyclopedia of Sociology

(Marcin) #1
DEATH AND DYING

in turn, provokes a series of predictions: Sociolo-
gists will focus on how dying persons are defined
by their survivors and caregivers as well as on the
sociological hypothesis that dying persons are more
concerned for others than they are for themselves.
Sociologists will be required to disentangle the
concatenation of forces that has produced today’s
caregiving regimens in which terminal patients
tend to be treated more as objects than as persons.
Sociologists will be asked to explain how the proc-
ess of socialization has seemingly been reversed,
with the individual being figuratively stripped of
years of social experience and defined as a nonperson.
In effect, sociologists will be asked to explain the
historical alchemy whereby dying persons them-
selves have been conned into believing that all they
needed was palliation and comfort care.


REFERENCES


Alliance for Aging Research 1996 Uncovering the Facts
about the Cost of the Last Year of Life. Washington,
D.C.: AAR.


Baker, Paul M. 1990 ‘‘Socialization after Death: the
Might of the Living Dead.’’ In Beth Hess and Eliza-
beth Markson, eds.,Growing Old in America. Rutgers:
Trasaction Books.


Bass, David M. 1985 ‘‘The Hospice Ideology and Success
of Hospice Care.’’ Research on Aging 7:1.


Blauner, Robert 1966 ‘‘Death and Social Structure.’’
Psychiatry 29:378–94.


Bowman, L. 1959 The American Funeral: A Study in Guilt,
Extravagance, and Sublimity. Washington D.C.: Public
Affairs Press.


Callahan, D. 1995 ‘‘Dying Well in the Hospital.’’ Has-
tings Center Report. Briarcliff Manor, N.Y.: Has-
tings Center.


——— 1987 Setting Limits; Medical Goals in an Aging
Society. New York: Simon and Schuster.


Charmaz, K. C. 1980 Social Reality of Death. Reading,
Mass.: Addison-Wesley.


Counts, D.A., and D.C. Counts 1985 Aging and Its
Transformations: Moving Toward Death in Pacific Socie-
ties. Lanham, Md: University Press of America.


Crane, D. 1975 The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians’
Treatment of Critically Ill Patients. New York: Russell
Sage Foundation.


Eliot, T. 1932 ‘‘The Bereaved Family.’’ Special issue, The
Annals160.


Fox, R.C., and T.P. Swazey 1981 ‘‘The Sting of Death in
American Society.’’ Social Service Review. March:42–59.


——— 1980 ‘‘The Social Meaning of Death.’’ The An-
nals 447.
———1974 The Courage to Fail: A Social View of Organ
Transplantation and Dialysis. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Fulton, R. 1994 ‘‘Society and the Imperative of Death.’’
In I. Corless et al., eds., Dying, Death and Bereavement.
Boston: Jones and Bartlett.
——— 1965 Death and Identity. New York: John Wiley
and Sons.
Fulton, R., and R. Bendiksen 1994 Death and Identity,
3rd ed. Philadelphia: The Charles Press.
Fulton, R., and G. Owen 1988 ‘‘Death and Society in
Contemporary Society.’’ Omega 18(4).
Glaser, B.G., and A.L. Strauss 1965 Awareness of Dying.
Chicago: Aldine.
——— 1968 Time for Dying. Chicago: Aldine.
Glick, H.R. 1992 The Right to Die: Policy Innovation and its
Consequences. New York: Columbia University Press.
Habenstein, R.W. 1968 ‘‘The Social Organization of
Death.’’The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sci-
ences. New York: Macmillan and Free Press.
———, and M.W. Lamers 1963 Funeral Customs the
World Over. Milwaukee: Bulfin.
Hastings Center 1987 Guidelines on the Termination of
Life-Sustaining Treatment and the Care of the Dying.
Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press.
Howarth, G. 1996 Last Rites: The Work of the Modern
Funeral Director. Amityville N.Y.: Baywood Pub-
lishing Co.
Humphry, Derek 1991 Final Exit: the Practicalities of Self-
Deliverance and Assisted Suicide. Eugene Oreg.: The
Hemlock Society.
Kalish, R.A. 1985a Death, Grief and Caring Relationships.
Monterey, Calif.: Brooks/Cole.
——— 1985b ‘‘The Social Context of Death and Dying.’’
In R.H. Binstock and E. Shanas, eds., Handbook of
Aging and the Social Sciences. New York: Van Nostrand
Reinhold Co.
Kearl, Michael C. 1989 Endings: A Sociology of Death and
Dying. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———, and A. Rinaldi 1983 ‘‘The Political Uses of the
Dead as Symbols in Contemporary Civil Religions.’’
Social Forces61:3.
Kubler-Ross, E. 1969 On Death and Dying. New York:
Macmillan.
Lofland, L. 1978 The Craft of Dying: The Modern Face of
Death. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage.
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