NUTRITION IN SPORT

fibres, while capable of producing a great deal of

power, are generally regarded as incapable of

functioning at high intensity for longer than 90 s.

Type II fibres have a low oxidative capacity, a

factor that limits fat usage as an energy substrate

during gymnastic activity, and a poor capillary

590 sport-specific nutrition

supply, which deprives these fibres of nutrient,

oxygen, and carbon dioxide exchange during

intensive work. Because of these factors, gym-

nastics activity is heavily dependent on creatine

phosphate and carbohydrate (both glucose and

glycogen) as fuels for activity.

Fig. 45.1Many studies show that

estimates of the energy intake of

elite gymnasts are less than the

estimated energy requirements.

Photos © IOC / Olympic Museum

Collections.

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