4.3. MORE PARTICLES 189
Of course, and can be used together in the typical ”from
... up till ...” paĴern:
”(We)’re going from Kyoto up to Nara.”
”(I) will exercise from 6 till 7 o’ clock.”
1999
2004
”(I) was a student from 1999 up till 2004.”
But don’t let the following sentence trip you up:
This sentence does not mean ”I will not do homework from the mo-
ment my friend has arrived until he leaves”, but actually means:
”Because my friend has dropped by, I will not do homework until he
leaves.”
This sentence is not a ”from ... up till ...” sentence, but a reason
marked with , where the conclusion happens to contain. Be care-
ful, and pay aĴention to whether something is - or -!
- Temporal, spacial or reasoning extent (exclusive)
The combination of + is a subtle restriction of the normal particle |
|---|
”(We)’ll assemble until 9 o’ clock.”
literally: ”(We)’ll assemble up until 9 o’ clock.”
meaning: ”(We)’ll assemble before 9 o’ clock.”
While indicates ”up to and including”, indicates only
”up to”, or ”up until”. This difference between including the last moment
