An introduction to Japanese - Syntax, Grammar & Language

7.2. CONJUGATION SCHEMES 333

+ +

formal + +

+ +

hypothetical neutral + +

emphatic + +

formal (1) + +

formal (2) +

commanding informal +

+ +

+ ( + )

formal +

+

very formal + + + +

requesting +

+

passive, honorific informal + +

potential formal + +

causative informal + +

formal + +

causative passive informal + +

formal + +

inflection replacement verb

humble

honorific

7.2.5 Special verbs:

Contractions in the inflections are indicated with (c)

inflection formality affirmative negative

present informal +

formal + +

past informal +

formal + +

form informal + (c)

formal + +