88 CHAPTER 3. MORE GRAMMAR
present polite is formed by adding to the , whereas the past
polite is formed by taking the present polite, and turning into its past
tense, :
present polite past polite
rule stem + row + polite present +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +present polite past polite
rule stem + row + polite present +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +present polite past polite
rule stem + polite present +
+ +
+ +
+ +(The irregular verbs , and
are regular with respects
to using , although of course is pronounced )
For nouns we use , which is inflected to indicate tense:
noun polite present polite past
rule noun + noun +
+ +
+ +For verbal adjectives, we also use , but unlike nouns, verbal