50 THE CHEMISTEY OP ESSENTIAL OILS
CALLITBIS MUELLEBI.
The leaf oil resembles turpentine in odour and consists almost en-
tirely of terpenes, amongst which both forms of pinene and limonene
predominate. The oil has the following characters :—
Specific gravity 0-8582 at 24°
Rotation.- 4-7°
Refractive index 1-4749 at 20°
Esters 2-76 percent.
Yield 0-103 „
CALLITKIS OBLONGA.
The principal constituent of the leaf oil is pinene, but both forms of
limonene are present in small amount. The esters were principally
geranyl acetate, with traces of bornyl acetate, and a high boiling constitu-
ent, probably a sesquiterpene, was present in small amount. The oil had
the following characters:—
Specific gravity 0-8735 at 16°
Rotation + 3S'1°
Refractive index 1-4783 at 16°
Esters (boiling) 6*05 per cent.
„ (cold) 5-6
Yield 0-054 „
CALLITRIS MACLEAYANA.
Dextro-pinene, dextro-limonene, dipentene (?), and a hydrocarbon
which is probably menthene were identified in the leaf oil. A sesquiter-
pene, probably cadinene, and traces of esters are present. The oil has
the following characters :—
Rotation .....
Refractive index ....
Esters (boiling) ....
,, (cold).
Yield.+ 42-5°
1-4791
3*5 per cent,- 3-2 „
. 0-172
OILS OF DACKYDIUM FBANKLINI.
This tree is known as the Huon pine and is found chiefly in Tasmania.
The results of the investigation
l
of the oil from its leaves, and also
of those of the oil of the timber, are interesting. The principal con-
stituent occurring in the leaf oil is apparently a previously undetected
terpene of the formula C 10 H 16 , for which the name Dacrydene is
proposed. This terpene readily forms a nitrosochloride, melting sharply,
and with decomposition at 120° to 121° C. (cor.), which is far away from
the melting-point of any nitrosochloride formed with a previously known
terpene. The boiling-point of dacrydene appears to be 165° to 166° C.
(cor.) ; the specific gravity at 22D C. = O8524; the refractive index at
22° C. = 1*4749 ; and the rotation aD = + 12-3°, or a specific rotation
xJD + 14'48°. It is a colourless mobile oil, with a turpentine-like odour,
tut slightly more aromatic and less pungent than pinene. It is very
volatile, and quickly and entirely evaporated from a watch glass without
leaving any residue.
As it occurs in this oil together with a small quantity of laevo-rota-
iory pinene and dextro-rotatory limonene, it was, of course, impossible
(^1) Baker and Smith, The Pines of Australia, 397.