placebo-controlled clinical study of Chotosan in the treatment of vascular
dementia.^26 Such items as spontaneity of conversation, lack of facial expres-
sion, decline in simple mathematical ability, global intellectual ability,
nocturnal delirium, sleep disturbance, hallucination or delusion, and dressing
and undressing were significantly improved at one or more evaluation points
in those taking Chotosancompared with those taking placebo. The change
in the revised version of Hasegawa’s dementia scale from the start point in
the Chotosangroup tended to be higher than that in the placebo group with
no statistical significance.
Kampo formulae for renal diseases
Saireito (Chai-Ling-Tang)
Saireitoconsists of 12 component herbs: Bupleuri radix, Pinelliae tuber,
Alismatis rhizoma, Scutellariae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, Poly-
porus, Poria, Atractylodis rhizoma, Cinnamomi cortex, Glycyrrhizae radix
and Zingiberis rhizoma.
Saireitois a combined formulation of Shosaikotoand Goreisanthat has
been reported to be useful in improving nephritic syndrome. Saireitohas
also been used for the treatments of hydrodipsia (water thirst) and oliguria,
renal diseases such as glomerular nephritis and nephrosis, hepatitis and
oedema.
Kampo formulae for gynaecological disease
Tokishakuyakusan (Dang-Gui-Shao-Yao-San)
Tokishakuyakusanconsists of six component herbs: Angelicae radix, Paeo-
niae radix, Cnidii rhizoma, Atractylodis lanceae rhizoma, Alismatis rhizoma
and Poria.
Tokishakuyakusan has been used traditionally for gynaecological
diseases such as ovarian dysfunction, endometriosis and menopausal
syndrome in women. Tokishakuyakusan applies for the treatment of
menoxenia, menstrual colic, sterility, abortion, vertigo, headache, oedema,
anaemia, vasomotor imbalance, coldness of limbs and chilblains of the feet,
nephritis and hypotonia.
Clinical studies have shown that treatment with the extract preparation
of Tokishakuyakusan (TJ-23) improved the daily life of patients with
Alzheimer’s disease.32–34 Sex differences in the ageing brain have been
documented by clinically and epidemiologically suggesting that age-related
changes in neural systems may result partly from hormonal changes. One of
the major symptoms of menopausal women is dementia of Alzheimer’s
type. The symptoms are an impairment of intelligence and performance,
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