materia medica, 92
phytomedicines development, 105,
107
preparation, 92, 94
species identification, 110
use of whole plant extracts, 105
indigenous knowledge
protection/intellectual property
rights, 100–1, 105
integration into national healthcare
systems, 98–100, 110–11
national policies, 7, 9, 96, 97–8
quality assurance, 109–10
regional initiatives, 113
regulatory/legal mechanisms, 96, 97–8
research, 102, 103–4
resource allocation for development,
102–3
safety, 105, 107–9
sustainable use of medicinal plants,
111–12
traditional health systems, 85–6
traditional medical practitioner
associations, 98, 100
traditional practitioners, 82, 83, 84,
87–8
collection of plant species, 92, 94
official recognition, 110
patient relationships, 88
treatment, 89
utilization, 88
African Union (AU) Decade of African
Traditional Medicine, 9, 113
agni(gastric fire), 198, 202, 217
Akebia(bai mu tong), 168, 169
alder, 47, 49, 50–1
Alismatis rhizoma, 251, 254
allergic rhinitis, 228, 253
allergy, 201, 242
Alma-Ata declaration, 4
Alnus rubra, 50
Alnus serrulata, 50
Alnus viridusspp. crispus, 50
Alstonia constrica, 276
Althea officinalis(rough marshmallow),
18
Alzheimer’s disease, 213, 230, 241, 251–2
Kamiuntantoeffects, 242, 250
Amazon forest indigenous peoples’
traditional medicine (Colombia), 65–79
diagnosis, 69–70
indigenous ethnic groups, 66
payé, 68, 70
prescription (choosing a remedy), 70
ritualistic practice, 70–1
sabedores(as), 67–8, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75,
76, 77, 79
shamans, 68–9, 70, 74
traditional healers, 67–8
approach to healing, 69
traditional medicines, 71–2
animal-based, 78–9
oral Historia, 66–7
plant-based, 75–8
ambil de monte, 76
Ameniacae semen, 238
Amori, 75
anaemia, 214, 248, 249, 251
anecdotal knowledge, 49, 52
Angelica sinensis(dong quai), 205
Angelicae radix, 248, 249, 251, 252
angina, 206, 214
anorexia, 248
antidepressants, 104
anxiety, 104, 204, 207, 213, 249
Apocynaceae, 92
appetite-suppressants seeslimming
preparations
Aristolochia, 166, 169, 170
nephrotoxicity, 167–9
Aristolochia debilis, 168
Aristolochia fangchi(guang fang ji), 168
Aristolochia manshuriensis(guan mu tong),
168, 169
Aristolochia pistolochia, 168
Arnica montana, 17
aromatherapy, ayurveda medicine, 206
arsan, 298
arsenic, ayurveda medicines toxicity, 211,
212
Artemisia, 111
Artemisia annua, 111, 261318 | Index