Science - USA (2021-12-17)

1412 17 DECEMBER 2021 • VOL 374 ISSUE 6574 science.org SCIENCE

ILLUSTRATION: V. ALTOUNIAN/

SCIENCE

; DATA: I. R. HUMPHREYS

ET AL

., SCIENCE

374

, EABM4805 (2021; DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.ABM

INSIGHTS

POLICY FORUM

1438 COVID-19 impact on infant and

adolescent vaccine supplies

Vaccine production is quadrupling rapidly,

creating supply chain challenges

By T. Cernuschi et al.

PERSPECTIVES

1442 Ecosystem effects of environmental

extremes

A large-scale experimental facility reveals

tropical rainforest responses to drought

By N. Eisenhauer and A. Weigelt

REPORT p. 1514

1443 Toward single-molecule proteomics

Nanopore rereading of single proteins opens

a pathway to next-generation proteomics

By F. Bošković and U. F. Keyser

REPORT p. 1509

1445 Nitride perovskite becomes polar

An oxygen-free polar perovskite offers several

advantages over perovskite oxides By X. Hong

REPORT p. 1488

17 DECEMBER 2021 • VOLUME 374 • ISSUE 6574

CONTENTS

NEWS

IN BRIEF

1418 News at a glance

IN DEPTH

1420 Key Antarctic ice shelf is within

years of failure

Breakup of shelf holding back Thwaites

Glacier will ramp up sea level rise

B y P. Vo o s e n

1421 Scientists see a ‘really, really tough

winter’ with Omicron

Another major pandemic wave seems

inevitable. The big question is how much severe

disease it will bring By K. Kupferschmidt

1422 India defuses its population bomb

Sterilization, contraceptives push fertility rate

down to two children per woman By F. Pearce

1424 To draw down carbon, ocean

fertilization gets another look

Panel urges large tests of iron-triggered

plankton blooms B y W. C o r n w a l l

1425 Blood condition may guard

against Alzheimer’s

Unexpected protection may result from

wayward blood cells that enter brain

By M. Leslie

WINNER

1426 Protein structures for all

AI-powered predictions reveal the

shapes of proteins by the thousands

By R. F. Service

RUNNERS-UP

1428 Ancient soil DNA comes of age

1428 Fusion’s day in the Sun?

1429 Potent pills boost

COVID-19 arsenal

1430 A psychedelic PTSD remedy

1430 Artificial antibodies tame

infectious diseases

1431 NASA lander uncovers the Red

Planet’s core

1432 At last, a crack in particle

physics’ standard model?

1433 CRISPR fixes genes inside the body

1433 Embryo ‘husbandry’ opens

windows into early development

ON THE COVER

Artificial intelligence algorithms can now

churn out predictions for the 3D shapes

of proteins, key to their function, with a

precision matching that of painstaking

laboratory techniques. The programs, and

the blizzard of protein structures they have

revealed, are Science’s

2021 Breakthrough of

t h e Ye a r. Illustration:

V. Altounian/Science;

Data: I. R. Humphreys

et al., Science 374 ,

eabm4805 (2021);

DOI: 10.1126/science.

abm

SEE ALSO EDITORIAL p. 1415 VIDEO PODCAST

SPECIAL SECTION

Breakthrough of the Year

1434 Missed shots

By doses delivered, the COVID-19 vaccine

rollout was a spectacular success.

By other measures, it went tragically awry

K. Kupferschmidt

1436 Breakdowns of the year

What went wrong in the world of science