1303 í1305/10 ................................. Painting of the 38 frescoes of the Arena
Chapel by Giotto di Bondone, precursor
of the Renaissance.
1308 í1311 ...................................... Painting of the Maestà by Duccio
di Buoninsegna.
1309 í1378 ...................................... Avignon Papacy.
1337................................................. Beginning of the Hundred Years’ War.
1338 í1339 ...................................... Frescoes in the Palazzo Pubblico
in Siena, Allegories of Good and
Bad Government, painted by
Ambrogio Lorenzetti.
1348 í1350 ...................................... Black Death sweeps across Europe,
decimating populations.
c. 1350í1450................................... Rise of Humanism.
c. 1380-1420 ................................... International Gothic style.
c. 1400í1550................................... Italian and Northern Renaissance.
1403–1424, 1425–1452................... Design and completion of doors
for the Baptistery of Florence by
Lorenzo Ghiberti.
1415, 1430–1432............................. Donatello carves St. George for
Orsanmichele in Florence.
1419................................................. Design of the Hospital of the Innocents,
Florence, by Brunelleschi.
1420–1436....................................... Design and construction of the dome of
the Florence Cathedral by Brunelleschi.
1424–1427....................................... Fresco cycle in the Brancacci Chapel,
S. Maria del Carmine, Florence,
begun by Masolino and continued by
Masaccio, whose achievement was
the ¿ rst great landmark of Italian
Renaissance painting.