Giotto di Bondone (1266/67–1337). One of the greatest Italian painters
of any period, his frescoes in the Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel in Padua
became a pilgrimage spot for subsequent artists. He is often described as
a proto-Renaissance painter, because of his emphasis on substantial ¿ gures
of solemn and signi¿ cant bearing and his early intuitive anticipation of
perspective recession.
Goes, Hugo van der (c. 1440–1482). A Flemish painter from Ghent who
was commissioned by Tommaso Portinari, a Medici banking agent in the
Netherlands, to paint a huge altarpiece for a family chapel in Florence, where
it had a measurable impact on Florentine painters.
Gogh, Vincent van (1853–1890). Dutch painter who lived and worked in
France during the period of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism. His still
lifes, landscapes, and depictions of peasants working in the countryside had a
signi¿ cant impact on modern painting. He suffered severe depression, which
culminated in his suicide, and sold only one work of art in his lifetime.
Gossaert, Jan (called Mabuse) (1478–1532). Flemish painter who
introduced the style and subjects of the Italian Renaissance to the
Low Countries.
Goya, Francisco (1746–1828). Spanish artist who embodied many political
and artistic movements in his work. As a court artist, he designed tapestries
in a Spanish Rococo style; under the French occupation, he painted many
portraits; and after the expulsion of the French, he made haunting and
powerful paintings that have the emotional immediacy of Romanticism.
Goyen, Jan van (1596–1656). One of the founders of Realistic
landscape painting in the Netherlands, his focus was the depiction of
atmospheric effects.
Greco, El (“the Greek”) (Domenico Theotocopoulos) (1541–1614). El
Greco was the ¿ rst great master of the Spanish Golden Age in painting.
His unique distortions of form, associated with Mannerism, became his
signature style.