CHAPTER IV: WILDLIFE HABITATS FOR MISSISSIPPI’S SGCN,
THREATS AND CONSERVATION ACTIONS^28015.3 Artificial Reefs
Value to SGCN - 12
Rank - 15th of 17 Marine, Estuarine and Estuarine Fringe Systems
DESCRIPTION
Artificial reefs are structures, usually with hard surfaces, that are intentionally placed in the water to
provide conditions attractive to fish and invertebrates. In marine waters off the coast of Mississippi,
several artificial reefs (also called "fish havens") have been created to enhance sportfishing. These "fish
havens" were constructed out of several types of materials: sunken liberty ships and military equipment
and concrete rubble. Studies for the siting of additional artificial reefs in the northern Gulf of Mexico
have been completed.
One of the liberty ships, called the Waterhouse Reef, was sunk in 1975 about eight kilometers south of
the western end of Horn Island, in 14 meters of water. Around 31 primary (obligative) reef fish moved
into the newly created reef habitat. With the addition of 29 facultative species that colonized the area, a
total of 60 species occupied the reef after two years.
LOCATION, SIZE, CONDITION AND CONSERVATION STATUS
NGM
Artificial reefs have been established on the lower shore face south
of the barrier islands and cover less than 100 acres. Their
positioning and establishment requires approval by federal and state
agencies, including the Mississippi Department of Marine
Resources.
Artificial reefs consist of essentially inert discarded materials. There
are no concerns for the condition of these habitats.
Artificial reefs are not vulnerable to further decline and are considered secure in the state.
SPECIES OF GREATEST CONSERVATION NEED ASSOCIATED WITH
ARTIFICIAL REEFS
GROUP SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME TIER
Birds Pelagic Birds 1
Reptiles Lepidochelys kempii Kemp's or Atlantic Ridley 1
Caretta caretta Loggerhead; Cabezon 2
Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill; Carey 4
15.3 Artificial ReefsRange of Artificial Reefs