Perreault−McCarthy: Basic
Marketing: A
Global−Managerial
Approach, 14/eBack Matter Notes © The McGraw−Hill
Companies, 2002802 Notes
Age International, February 2000, p. 4; “Wal-Mart’s Not-So-Secret British
Weapon,” Business Week,January 24, 2000, p. 132; “As Wal-Mart
Invades Europe, Rivals Rush to Match Its Formula,” The Wall Street Jour-
nal,October 6, 1999, p. A1ff.; “For French Retailers, a Weapon against
Wal-Mart,” The Wall Street Journal,September 27, 1999, p. B1ff.; “En
Garde, Wal-Mart,” Business Week,September 13, 1999, pp. 54–55;
“French Retailers Create New Wal-Mart Rival,” The Wall Street Journal,
August 31, 1999, p. A14; “Wal-Mart Rocks European Retailing as It
Rolls into United Kingdom,” Discount Store News, July 12, 1999, p. 1ff.;
“Watch Out: Here Comes Wal-Mart,” Business Week,June 28, 1999, pp.
48–49; “Wal-Mart Goes Shopping in Europe,” Fortune, June 7, 1999, pp.
105–12; “Wal-Mart Ends Speculation with Euro Entry, Acquires German
Chain,” Discount Store News,January 5, 1998, p. 1ff.; “The Wal-Mart
Way Sometimes Gets Lost in Translation Overseas,” The Wall Street Jour-
nal,October 8, 1997, p. A1ff.; “Wal-Mart Spoken Here,” Business Week,
June 23, 1997, pp. 138–44; “Wal-Mart International Reshapes the World
Retailing Order,” Discount Store News,January 20, 1997, pp. 21–28. For
more on Wal-Mart’s Neighborhood Markets, see “Neighborhood Market
Redefines Convenience,” DSN Retailing Today, February 5, 2001, p. 5ff.;
“Store Distinctions Blur at Wal-Mart,” Discount Store News, February 7,
2000, p. 6ff; “Wal-Mart Upgrades Neighborhood Market,” Discount Store
News, November 22, 1999, p. 1ff.; “Wal-Mart’s ‘Small-Marts’ May Make
It Biggest Grocer,” The Wall Street Journal,June 21, 1999, p. B4; “Wal-
Mart Goes Express with ‘Market’ Concept,” Discount Store News,
February 22, 1999, p. 1ff.; “Look Out, Supermarkets—Wal-Mart Is Hun-
gry,” Business Week,September 14, 1998, pp. 98–100. For more on
Wal-Mart on the Web, see “Amazon + Wal-Mart = Win/Win,” Business
Week,March 19, 2001, p. 42; “Walmart.com Purchases Garden.com
Content Assets,” DSN Retailing Today, February 5, 2001, p. 8; “Will Wal-
mart.com Get It Right This Time?” Business Week,November 6, 2000,
pp. 104–12; “Wal-Mart Launches Web Site a Third Time, This Time
Emphasizing Speed and Ease,” The Wall Street Journal,October 31, 2000,
p. B12; “Preparing for Net-Speed, Walmart.com Names CEO,” Discount
Store News, March 20, 2000, p. 1ff.; “A Matchmaker for ‘Bricks’ and
‘Clicks,’” The Wall Street Journal,March 13, 2000, p. B1ff.; “Overhauling
Its Web Site, Wal-Mart Will Push Toys and Electronics,” The Wall Street
Journal,October 1, 1999, p. B1ff.; “Wal-Mart’s Goal: To Reign over
Web,” Advertising Age, July 5, 1999, p. 1ff.; “When Wal-Mart Flexes Its
Cybermuscles...,” Business Week,July 26, 1999, pp. 82–85; “As Web
Retailing Surges, Where’s Wal-Mart?” The Wall Street Journal,May 17,
1999, p. B1ff. For more on Wal-Mart in the U.S., see “Kmart, Wal-Mart
Face Off in Price-Cutting Fight,” USA Today, USA Today, June 8, 2001,
p. 1B; “How Wal-Mart Transfers Power,” The Wall Street Journal,March
27, 2001, p. B1ff.; “After Legendary Sprint to the Top, Wal-Mart Finally
Hits Speed Bump,” Investor’s Business Daily, March 14, 2001, p. A1;
“Super Stores: Land for Plenty,” Raleigh News & Observer, March 3,
2001, p. 1Dff.; “Wal-Mart Wows with Growth Plan,” DSN Retailing
Today, October 23, 2000, p. 3ff.; “Big Three Redirect Efforts, Let Spoils
Go to Regionals, Smaller-Format Chains,” DSN Retailing Today, August
7, 2000, pp. 31–32; “Wal-Mart ‘Imagines’ Even Greater Growth,” DSN
Retailing Today, June 19, 2000, p. 1ff.; “Sam Would Be Proud,” Fortune,
April 17, 2000, pp. 130–44; “Wal-Mart Wins Reversal in Trademark
Lawsuit,” The Wall Street Journal,March 23, 2000, p. A3ff.; “Bankers
Assail Mint for Deal with Wal-Mart,” The Wall Street Journal,February 9,
2000, p. B1ff.; “Someday, Lee, This May All Be Yours,” Business Week,
November 15, 1999, pp. 84–92; 2000 Annual Report, Wal-Mart;
“Wal*Mart, Retailer of the Century,” Discount Store News(Special
Issue), October 1999; “Wal-Mart Sets Computer Doctor Centers,” The
Wall Street Journal,September 20, 1999, p. A3; “Power Retailer: Wal-
Mart,” Discount Store News, June 7, 1999, pp. 81–147; “Logistics Whiz
Rises at Wal-Mart,” The Wall Street Journal,March 11, 1999, p. B1ff.;
“An Unstoppable Marketing Force,” USA Today, November 6, 1998, p.
1Bff.; “Wal-Mart’s Garth-Quake May Spur Sales,” The Wall Street Jour-
nal,November 2, 1998, p. B1ff. See also Norman W. Hawker, “Wal-Mart
and the Divergence of State and Federal Predatory Pricing Law,” Journal
of Public Policy & Marketing, Spring 1996, pp. 141–47. For more on
Kmart Bluelight, see “Battle-Tested Rules of Online Retail,” Ecompany,
April 2001; “No Bluelight Special as Kmart Is Forced into Free ISP
Field,” Investor’s Business Daily, December 5, 2000, p. A6; “Going for
Gold at BlueLight,” Business Week E.Biz, November 20, 2000, pp.
EB43–EB46; “Attention Kmart Bashers,” Fortune, November 13, 2000,
pp. 213–22; “BlueLight, Green Light,” Brandweek, October 2, 2000, pp.
21–22; “Kmart Gives Green Light to Bluelight Business Model,” DSN
Retailing Today, July 24, 2000, p. 18ff.; “BlueLight.com Aims to Coax
Kmart Shoppers Online,” The Wall Street Journal,June 19, 2000, p. B4;
“It’s All Net,” Brandweek, May 1, 2000, pp. IQ18–IQ22. For more on
Kmart, see “CEO Rings Up Plan to Restore Kmart,” USA Today, June 27,
2001, p. 3B; “Turning Up the Intensity on a Storied Turnaround,” DSN
Retailing Today, May 21, 2001, pp. 17–18; “Super K Showcases the
Future,” DSN Retailing Today, May 21, 2001, p. 1ff.; “Kmart’s Bright
Idea,” Business Week,April 19, 2001, pp. 50–52; “Kmart Turns to Blue
Light to Boost Image,” DSN Retailing Today, April 16, 2001, p. 1ff.;
“Code Blue,” Advertising Age, April 9, 2001, p. 1ff.; “Kmart: On the
Threshold of a New Era,” DSN Retailing Today, March 5, 2001, pp.
33–68; “Kmart Targets Target as It Taps TBWA for Ads,” Advertising Age,
October 2, 2000, p. 20; “A Kmart Special: Better Service,” Business
Week,September 4, 2000, pp. 80–84; “Kmart’s New CEO Outlines Plans
for Fast Changes,” The Wall Street Journal,July 27, 2000, p. B4; “Atten-
tion, Kmart Investors: Retailer Is Likely to Be Second Fiddle Awhile,”
Investor’s Business Daily, May 2, 2000, p. 1; “Ms. Stewart’s Advice for
How to Improve Kmart: Ask Martha,” The Wall Street Journal,May 1,
2000, p. A1ff.; “Power Retailer: Kmart,” Discount Store News, March 6,
2000, pp. 49–81; “Kmart Food Supply Deal Whets Retailer’s Appetite,”
Discount Store News, August 9, 1999, p. 1ff.; “Power Retailer: Kmart,”
Discount Store News, March 22, 1999, pp. 21–71.
2.Marvin A. Jolson, “A Diagrammatic Model for Merchandising Cal-
culations,” Journal of Retailing,Summer 1975, pp. 3–9; C. Davis Fogg and
Kent H. Kohnken, “Price-Cost Planning,” Journal of Marketing,April
1978, pp. 97–106.
3.“Women Pay More for Haircuts, Dry Cleaning, and Clothing
Alterations, a New York City Council Study Shows,” New York Daily
News,September 28, 1996, p. 7; Emerald Yeh and Christine McMurry,
“The Cost of the Gender Gap” and “Gender Pricing-Part 1” and “Gen-
der Pricing-Part 2” available from World Wide Web:
<http://www.kron.com/nc4/contact4/stories/
gender>; “Why Women Pay More,” American Demographics,April 1996,
pp. 40–41; “Women Demand Fair Shear,” U. Magazine,May 1995, p. 8;
“State May Ban Bias in Pricing Hairdos, Wash,” The Wall Street Journal,
May 11, 1994, p. B1ff.
4.“The Little Extras That Count (Up),” The Wall Street Journal,July
12, 2001, p. B1ff.; “CEO Rings Up Plan to Restore Kmart,” USA Today,
June 27, 2001, p. 3B; “Battle-Tested Rules of Online Retail,” Ecompany,
April 2001; “The Return of Pricing Power,” Business Week,May 8, 2000,
pp. 50–51; “The Power of Smart Pricing,” Business Week,April 10, 2000,
pp. 160–64. See also Mary L. Hatten, “Don’t Get Caught with Your
Prices Down: Pricing in Inflationary Times,” Business Horizons,March
1982, pp. 23–28; Douglas G. Brooks, “Cost Oriented Pricing: A Realistic
Solution to a Complicated Problem,” Journal of Marketing,April 1975,
pp. 72–74; Steven M.Shugan, “Retail Product-Line Pricing Strategy
When Costs and Products Change,” Journal of Retailing, Spring 2001,
Vol. 77, 1, p. 17.
5.William W. Alberts, “The Experience Curve Doctrine Reconsid-
ered,” Journal of Marketing,July, 1989, pp. 36–49; G. Dean Kortge et al.,
“Linking Experience, Product Life Cycle, and Learning Curves: Calculat-
ing the Perceived Value Price Range,” Industrial Marketing Management,
July 1994, pp. 221–28.
6.G. Dean Kortge, “Inverted Breakeven Analysis for Profitable Mar-
keting Decisions,” Industrial Marketing Management,October 1984, pp.
219–24; Thomas L. Powers, “Breakeven Analysis with Semifixed Costs,”
Industrial Marketing Management,February 1987, pp. 35–42.
7.Approaches for estimating price–quantity relationships are
reviewed in Kent B. Monroe, Pricing: Making Profitable Decisions(New
York: McGraw-Hill, 1979). For a specific example see Frank D. Jones, “A