Smart Buildings Systems for Architects, Owners and Builders

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Chapter 2 The Foundations of a Smart Building Overview All technology systems in a building are networks consisting of end devic ...

In many systems, databases are associated with the network such as security access credentials and lighting schedules. Recogniti ...

the data packet is initially sent each layer takes the data of the preceding layers and adds its own information or header to th ...

mechanical and the electrical characteristics of the physical interface, including connectors, network interface cards, and volt ...

Session, Presentation, and Application Layers Many times the session, presentation, and application layers are considered as one ...

automation systems (BAS). These two standards, ANSI/TIA/EIA-568 and ANSI/TIA/EIA-862, are applicable to all of the smart buildin ...

minor differences in the BAS standard: (1) a “horizontal connection point,” which is similar to telecommunications “consolidatio ...

for a standard four-pair copper cable. The wires are relatively thin (between 22 and 24 gauge). The cables are twisted into a pa ...

standards set requirements up to 250 MHz. These standards not only apply to the cable but also to all connector and cable termin ...

the range of 40 to 120 microns (a micron is one millionth of a meter, or about 0.00004 inch). As the light pulse transverses the ...

radio frequencies, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The Institute for Electrical and Elec- tronics Engineers (IEEE) has set three standards fo ...

Wi-Fi Mesh Networking In a wireless mesh network all nodes or WAPs are interconnected wirelessly instead of using cable to conne ...

n Mesh technology that allows Zigbee, like Wi-Fi, to be configured in several topologies, including a mesh topology allowing mul ...

Communications Protocols Protocols are the set of rules that define a format to communicate data between network devices and oth ...

Ethernet The general technology trend is for everything to become part of a node on a cabled or wireless Ethernet network and ha ...

protocol based on XML that communicates via the Internet. Like XML, SOAP is independent of hardware platforms, programming langu ...

communications. ASHRAE initially created a method called “Annex H.3,” allowing for the BACnet protocol to be “tunneled” through ...

Modbus-IDA, whose members are primarily users and suppliers in the auto- mation industry. Modbus is an application-layer messagi ...

An OPC server has subsystems addressing functions such as data access, alarms and events, and historical data. The OPC server ca ...