ECMO-/ECLS

TABLE: TYPES OF TRANSFUSION REACTIONS

TYPE OF

TRANSFUSION

REACTION

CAUSE SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

Hemolytic,
immediate
ABO incompatibility Fevers, chills,
back pain,
hemolysis, red urine
At risk for renal
failure

Measures to
reduce risk of
renal failure such as hydration with
crystalloid solution
and osmotic
diuresis
Hemolytic,
delayed
SCD patients Fever,
hemolysis 5- 14
days after
transfusion
Infectious Hepatitis B, C, HIV,
CMV, bacteria
Appropriate
antimicrobial treatment, as
needed
Febrile Donor WBC’s produce cytokines.
Older blood
products more
likely to cause
reaction

Fever Preacetaminophen -treatment with
and washing blood
products are
helpful. Otherwise,
supportive measures once it
develops
Allergic Recipient is allergic
to donor blood;
usually seen in IgA
deficient recipients.
These paneed to be tients
transfused with
blood from IgA
deficient donors or
washed cells

Can be as mild

as skin rash or

anaphylaxis

Diphenhydramine

and/or support for

allergic reaction

(i.e., epinephrine)

if needed

GVHD Donor leukocytes
attacking immuno-
compromised host

Skin rash,

diarrhea, liver

dysfunction. Can be life

threatening

Supportive care.

Treat as GVH

TRALI Complement
activated WBC
Occurs 4 hrs
after transfusion.
Supportive care
and steroids