Handbook for Sound Engineers

612 Chapter 17 Much more detailed information is available on the subject of the acoustic characteristics resulting from differe ...

Loudspeakers 613 radiator was used as the basis for predicting and controlling the directivity of a horn. Keele’s paper and horn ...

614 Chapter 17 the loudspeaker, it is most common for the required hori- zontal coverage to be relatively narrow at the greatest ...

Loudspeakers 615 usually opposite the prior one. Successive horn sections are typically positioned outside their predecessors. A ...

616 Chapter 17 rear in a compression chamber. The E horn makes one 180 q fold that opens to the double mouths. The horn is inten ...

Loudspeakers 617 500 Hz for a wide variety of applications, including voice-only systems. The obvious advantage of a folded horn ...

618 Chapter 17 involved in the design of the component parts. The system designer’s challenge is to make a collection of individ ...

Loudspeakers 619 The trapezoid designation describes the plan view of the enclosure, and the shape allows multiple loudspeakers ...

620 Chapter 17 cient to be recognized by a listener as comprising distinct multiple events, but it is enough to have audible and ...

Loudspeakers 621 country through much of the 1970s and is still in common use in installed sound systems. Recent developments in ...

622 Chapter 17 nulls and lobes, and it causes the off-axis impulse response of a line array to contain multiple discrete arrival ...

Loudspeakers 623 Crossover frequency: below this frequency, output from the low-frequency section (woofer) is domi- nant, and a ...

624 Chapter 17 The two transfer functions add up to a constant, independent of frequency. This is a desirable result, since the ...

Loudspeakers 625 response goes through a 720° wrap through the cross- over region. From what we have observed so far, it is evid ...

626 Chapter 17 surfaces. The same is true for horn surfaces. Phenomena associated with this type of surface fall into two broad ...

Loudspeakers 627 relatively absorptive above 1 kHz. Its effect on the tweeter’s response is most evident between 1 kHz and 3 kHz ...

628 Chapter 17 distance with a reference electrical input signal. The most common standard is dB-SPL at 1 meter with a 1-watt in ...

Loudspeakers 629 Given this simplification, the extended transfer func- tion of a loudspeaker may be characterized on the surfac ...

630 Chapter 17 speakers have orders of magnitude higher levels of distortion. The degree to which loudspeaker distortion consti- ...

Loudspeakers 631 more musical relationship to the fundamental, going upward in frequency in successive octave steps. Because of ...