765Chapter 22
Attenuators
by Glen Ballou
22.1 General............................................................................... 767
22.1.1 Attenuator K Value................................................................... 768
22.1.2 Loss............................................................................... 769
22.1.3 Impedance Matching.................................................................. 769
22.1.4 Installations, Practices, and Measurements................................................. 770
22.2 Types of Attenuators..................................................................... 771
22.2.1 L Pads............................................................................. 771
22.2.2 Dividing Networks................................................................... 772
22.2.3 T Attenuators........................................................................ 773
22.2.4 Bridged T Attenuators................................................................. 773
22.2.5 S or ' Attenuators.................................................................... 774
22.2.6 U Attenuators....................................................................... 775
22.2.7 Ladder Attenuators................................................................... 776
22.2.8 Simple Volume and Loudness Controls................................................... 776
22.2.9 Light-Dependent Attenuators........................................................... 778
22.2.10 Feedback-Type Volume Control1....................................................... 778
22.2.11 Voltage-Controlled Amplifiers......................................................... 779
22.2.12 Field Effect Transistor Attenuators...................................................... 779
22.2.13 Automated Faders................................................................... 779
22.2.14 Automatic Attenuators............................................................... 779
22.2.15 Mixers............................................................................ 780
22.2.16 Summing Amplifiers1................................................................ 781
Reference.................................................................................. 782