112 Tickner, The spectacle of women, p. 235; van Wingerden, Women’s suffrage movement, p.
167; Holton, Feminism and democracy, pp. 148–50.
113 Britannia, 12 and 19 March 1917, p. 345; see S. Rowbotham Friends of Alice Wheeldon
(London, Pluto Press, 1986); The Guardian, 28 November 1997, M15 behind suffragette
plot to kill PM, reveals that the charge was the result of a set-up by undercover agents,
especially Alex Gordon who won Alice Wheeldon’s friendship by masquerading as a
conscientious objector.
114 EP to Mrs. Fawcett, 23 March 1917, WL.
115 Ray Strachey to her Mother, 1 April 1917, Hannah Whitall Smith Papers, Lilly Library,
Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; Harrison, Prudent revolutionaries, p. 35.
116 Women’s suffrage deputation to the Right Hon. David Lloyd George (Prime Minister),
At no. 10 Downing Street, S.W. On Saturday, March 29th, 1917 (London, National
Press Agency, n.d.), p. 19.
117 Ibid., pp. 22–3.
118 Holton, Suffrage days, p. 226.
119 Britannia, 23 April 1917, p. 364.
120 Ibid., 6 June 1917, p. 6.
121 EP to Constance Lytton, 30 April 1917, Constance Lytton Papers, Knebworth House.
122 Britannia, 6 June 1917, p. 7.
123 Mitchell, Queen Christabel, p. 265; Garner, Stepping stones, pp. 56–7
124 EP to Ethel Smyth, 3 May 1917, quoted in Smyth, Female pipings, p. 242.
20 WAR EMISSARY TO RUSSIA:
EMMELINE VERSUS THE BOLSHEVIKS
(JUNE–OCTOBER 1917)
1 E. S. Pankhurst, Emmeline Pankhurst, p. 160. I am grateful to my colleague, Paul Flenley,
for comments on this chapter, but any errors remain my own.
2 Manchester Guardian, 8 June 1917.
3 Britannia, 6 June 1917, p. 3.
4 Forward, 16 June 1917.
5 Manchester Guardian, 8 June 1917.
6 Daily Graphic, 8 June 1917; Romero,E. Sylvia Pankhurst, pp. 120–3.
7 Britannia, 6 June 1917, p. 8.
8 See, for example, Garner, Stepping stones, pp. 56–7 and Pugh, The march of the women, p.
221; Pugh, The Pankhursts, p. xv and Chapter 14.
9 E. S. Pankhurst, Emmeline Pankhurst, p. 161. I also draw in this section on D. Mitchell,
Women on the warpath: the story of the women of the First World War(London, Jonathan
Cape, 1966), Chapter 4.
10 D. Marquand, Ramsay MacDonald(London, Jonathan Cape, 1977), p. 148.
11 Mitchell, Women on the warpath, p. 66.
12 Jessie Kenney, Russian diary typed notes, Kenney Papers, KP5. Most of the following
account is taken from this source, unless indicated otherwise. Since Jessie is often unsure
as to exact dates of events, I cannot always give these for some quotes, but do so, when
possible.
13 Britannia, 13 July 1917, p. 44.
14 Ibid., 10 August 1917, p. 78.
15 J. McDermid and A. Hillyar, Midwives of the revolution: female Bolsheviks and women
workers in 1917(London, UCL Press, 1999), p. 180.
16 Britannia, 20 July 1917, p. 55.
17 Childe Dorr, A woman of fifty, p. 360, describes Botchkareva as ‘a big peasant woman,
strong as a horse, rough of manner, eating with her fingers by choice, unlettered, but of
much native intelligence’.
NOTES