“The Childhood Shews the Man” 1608–1625ings from Plato and Xenophon that further refined his concept of virtuous love
(CPW I, 891–2). But he points to his continued reading and instruction in the
Bible from early childhood as providing the firmest basis for his developing views
about chastity, gender hierarchy, and virtuous marriage:
Last of all not in time, but as perfection is last, that care was ever had of me, with my
earliest capacity not to be negligently train’d in the precepts of Christian Religion....
Having had the doctrine of holy Scripture unfolding those chaste and high mysteries
with timeliest care infus’d, that the body is for the Lord and the Lord for the body, thus also
I argu’d to my selfe; that if unchastity in a woman whom Saint Paul termes the glory
of man, be such a scandall and dishonour, then certainly in a man who is both the
image and glory of God, it must, though commonly not so thought, be much more
deflouring and dishonourable. (CPW I, 892)While Milton was still at school his sister Anne married Edward Phillips, a gov-
ernment official, at St Stephen’s Walbrook on November 22, 1623; the minister
who officiated, Thomas Myriell, was the music collector who published Milton
senior’s songs.^46 The scrivener bestowed a considerable dowry upon Anne: £800 as
well as property rights secured to her interest and that of her future children. Milton
and his mother Sara witnessed the settlement; this is Milton’s first recorded signa-
ture.^47 Their first child, John, was baptized on January 16, 1625. Milton entered
Cambridge that year, at age 16, later than several of his schoolmates but better
prepared than most by his rigorous program of preparatory studies.
“The Stile by Certain Vital Signes it Had, Was Likely to Live”
The story of Milton’s writing also begins during these early years. According to
John Aubrey he wrote poetry from the age of ten (EL 2, 10), though he preserved
very few examples. But he chose to publish two free psalm paraphrases written in
1623–4 that sound some continuing themes: Psalm 114 in English decasyllabic
couplets and Psalm 136 in iambic tetrameter. He dated them carefully in 1645 as
“done by the Author at fifteen years old,” and placed them just after the Nativity
Ode. These may have been school exercises, or they may have been proposed by
Milton senior, who had composed several psalm settings. Alternatively, the choice
of psalms may have been Milton’s own. Psalm 114, “When Israel went out of
Egypt, and the house of Jacob from the barbarous people,” had political resonance
in late 1623: that Exodus Psalm was sung in thanksgiving at St Paul’s Cathedral
when Prince Charles delighted the nation by returning from Spain in October
without the Catholic Infanta he had hoped to wed.^48 The 136th Psalm, “O give
thanks unto the Lord: for he is good: for his mercy endureth for ever,” had a similar
resonance, since its chief example of God’s goodness is the Exodus story of Israel’s
deliverance from Pharaoh and establishment in the Promised Land.