Realism and World Politics

A critical analysis of power transition theory 221

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,0 00

0

GDP* population (millions)

Austri a–Hungary< 191 8

China

France

Germany> 187 1

It aly> 186 0

Japan

Ottoman Empire< 1918

Prussia< 187 1

Russa/USSR

United Kingdom

United States> 1776

2,500,000

2,000,000

1,500,000

1,000,000

500,000

1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975

Year

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

GDP* population (millions)

China

France

Germany

Italy

Japan

Russia

UK

USA

Figure 13.3State power 1845–1950

Figure 13.4State power 1945–2000