A62 INDEX
Army Corps of Engineers, U.S., 324, 331
Arpaio, Joe, 389–90, 389, 420
arson, 100
Articles of Confederation, 48
Constitutional Convention infl uence of,
25, 30, 34, 35–36
duration of, 25, 27
economic interpretation of, 29–30
government organization under, 28
problems with, 25–27, 31, 36, 58–59, 60
Ashcroft, John, 118
Asia Foundation, 481
Asian Americans:
civil rights of, 392, 395, 415, 416
voting history of, 16
Assange, Julian, 102
assassinations, 109, 428
assisted suicide, 79, 81, 117–18, 459
assisted suicides, 57, 81
astroturf lobbying, 243
AT&T, 113
athletics:
civil rights and, 394, 408, 410, 412–13
regulation and, 327, 327
attack ads, 206–7, 207
attorney general, 118
attorneys, 94, 96, 114–15
Austin, Tex., 106
Australia, 473, 486
Austria, 486
Automobile Association of America (A A A),
231, 234, 235
autonomy, under federalism, 58, 60, 62
Awlaki, Anwar al-, 111
Baby Boom generation, 452–53
bail, excessive, 96
Bakke, Allan, 418
balanced budgets, 436
Balkans, 297
ballots:
counting of, 195
diff erent forms of, 195
see also absentee ballots; voting
Baltimore, Md., 63
Bank of America, 445
banks, 59, 63, 65, 73, 298, 432, 433, 436,
440–43, 481
bailout of, 161
federal insuring of deposits in, 436
Federal Reserve’s role in stabilization of,
440–43
in fi nancial crisis of 2008, 442–43,
445–47
lending activity regulation in, 440–42,
444
Barron v. Baltimore, 65
baseball, desegregation of, 394
Beard, Charles, 29–30
Bear Stearns, 445
Belgium, 486
BellSouth, 113
Benton v. Maryland, 96
Berlin Wall, 488
Bernanke, Ben, 443, 443, 445
Bible, 132, 134
bicameralism, 257
Biden, Joe, 192, 313, 313, 314
bilateral agreements, 487
Bill of Rights, U.S., 35, 59, 91, 94, 391
creation of, 37–38, 44, 92–94
privacy rights in, 116
public awareness of, 127
relevance of, 94, 95, 96, 113
states’ rights and, 34, 65, 66,
92–96, 109
see also civil liberties; specifi c
amendments and liberties
bills:
amendments to, 281, 284, 286
diff erences in House and Senate
treatment of, 286
fi libuster of, 284
into law, 280–86
markups in, 281
suspension of the rules for, 286
bin Laden, Osama, 293, 474, 474
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCR A;
McCain-Feingold Act; 2002), 100,
207, 208
Birmingham, Ala., 405
church bombings in, 402
King’s letter from jail in, 402
birth control, 116
Black, Hugo, 116
block grants, 70, 71, 72
blogs, 147, 148, 150
”blue states,” 14, 17
Boehner, John, 3, 163, 272, 347
Boeing Corporation, 237–38, 240
bonds, government, 442
books, as media news sources, 151
Border Patrol, U.S., 419, 476
borrowing, 38, 59, 63
Bosnia, 297, 303, 474
Bossie, David, 211
Boston, Mass., 99
Boston Tea Party, 25, 403
Bowers v. Hardwick, 410
Brady Bill, 109
Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act
(1984), 77
brand names, political, 170, 204
Breyer, Stephen, 106, 370, 377, 380, 381
”bridge to nowhere,” 273
briefs, 376
British Petroleum (BP), 325, 326
broadcast media, 150–52
see also media
Brookfi eld, Wis., 101
Brown, Albert G., 257
Brown, Scott, 12
Brown v. Board of Education I, 382, 394,
401, 404
Brown v. Board of Education II, 394, 404–5
Bryan, William Jennings, 166
Buchanan, Pat, 196
Budget and Accounting Act (1921), 431
budgetary coercion, 79
budget defi cits, 436, 438, 440, 481
of 1980s, 439
see also defi citsbudget making, 429, 431
budgets:
state and local, 73
see also federal budget
bureaucracy, 141–42, 318, 323–49, 325
budgets of, 337
control of, 341, 343–49, 432
economic policy and role of, 440–44
expertise and its consequences for,
329–31, 348–49
history of, 331–34, 332
human face of, 339–42, 340
independent agencies in, 335, 336,
336, 338
infl uences on rule making in, 349
limits on political activity of, 342, 342
managing and directing by, 329
modern federal, 334–38, 335
motivations of, 339
negative vs. positive aspects of,
329–31, 348–49
political appointees and the Senior
Executive Service in, 325, 341
political process infl uence of, 9, 12,
325–26, 328, 330–31, 332–33
principal-agent game and, 330–31
problem of control and, 330–31
procurement handled by, 328
public opinion on, 330
red tape and, 329
regulations issued by, 326–28, 327, 444
research and development work of, 328
services provided by, 328
size of, 337
social policy formation and role of,
428–29, 432, 433
standard operating procedures of, 329
street-level, 328
tasks of, 325–28, 326
types of workers in, 339, 340
see also civil servants, civil service
bureaucratic drift, 343
agency organization and, 343–44
correcting violations and, 345–48
monitoring and, 344–45
Bureau of Land Management, 446
Bureau of the Budget, 431
Burr, Aaron, 33
bus boycott, 401
Bush, George H. W., 153, 297, 334, 443
approval ratings of, 309
judges appointed by, 369
Bush, George W., 214, 217, 237, 286–87, 294,
297, 298, 300, 302, 304, 305, 306,
334, 390, 414, 419, 443, 450, 469
appointments made by, 300, 369, 371
approval ratings of, 309, 316
bureaucracy and, 334, 342, 343–44
Cheney’s expanded role under, 313
Congress and, 40
diversity in administration of, 415
divided government of, 305
fi nancial crisis of 2008 and, 447
foreign policy of, 302, 317, 474, 482
health care reform and, 457
immigration issue and, 419