The Encyclopedia of Ancient Natural Scientists: The Greek tradition and its many heirs

(Ron) #1

G, Antid. 2.4 (14.126–129 K.), versified his antidote (priced at 1,000 drachmas the
dose), which had been employed by A G and I C: 2.1 (14.114–115).
A, in Gale ̄n CMGen 5.15 (13.855–856 K.; cf. A  A 14.58, p. 804
Cornarius), records the remedy donated to Massalia for anthrax, of “the Massaliote” –
Kharme ̄s, or of D P, or possibly a brand-name? He also studied
bird-behavior, according to A, NA 5.38 (nightingale).


BNP 3 (2003) 202, V. Nutton.
PTK


Kharo ̄n of Carthage (ca 300 – 150 BCE?)


The Souda Khi-136 attributes geographical works to the historian Kharo ̄n of Lampsakos
(ca 430 BCE), which scholars assign to Kharo ̄n of Carthage, to whom the Souda Khi-137
attributes only biographies. The four works, all entirely lost, are: Aithiopika, Kre ̄tika, Libuka,
and a Periplous beyond the Pillars of He ̄rakle ̄s.


FGrHist 262, 1077.
PTK


Kharo ̄n of Magnesia (220 – 200 BCE?)


Designed a stone-throwing catapult at Rhodes, perhaps for its successful defense of Khios
in 201 BCE (P Book 16, frr. 2 – 9). Kharo ̄n’s catapult, described by B, Belop. 2
(pp. 45–48 W.), was a mechanically-assisted bow (i.e., gastraphete ̄s), cocked by a winch, that
shot stones of ca 2.5 kg (5 minae).


Marsden (1971) 66–69, 78–82.
PTK


Khe ̄me ̄s or Khume ̄s (250 BCE – 300 CE)


Pseudepigraphic alchemical authority first mentioned by Z  P (CAAG
2.169, 172, 182–183). He may be identifiable with the angel Khe ̄meu, who, according to
Zo ̄simos (apud Synkellos Ec.Chron. 14, ed. Mosshammer), revealed the alchemical arts to
humans and from whom alchemy (Greek khumeia/khe ̄meia) took its name. He was most
famous for the aphorism “all is one and through it all has come into being; all is one and if
all does not have all, all has not come into being,” found repeatedly throughout the Greek
alchemical corpus with minor variations, and with or without attribution.


(*)
Bink Hallum


Khersiphro ̄n of Kno ̄ssos (570 – 520 BCE)


Architect, inventor, built the great Temple of Artemis at Ephesos, with his son M-
  K (S 14.1.22; V 3.2.7; 7.pr.12, 16; P 7.125;
36.95), and wrote a treatise on the temple, among the earliest architectural tracts. Begun
ca 560 BCE, the dipteral Ionic temple was one of the largest of its time. Special prepar-
ations (charcoal, sheepskins for a damp course) for the foundations were needed because
of the flat and marshy site. Khersiphro ̄n, a pioneer in practical mechanics, invented a


KHARO ̄N OF CARTHAGE
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