The Encyclopedia of Ancient Natural Scientists: The Greek tradition and its many heirs

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K. separates them neatly: Polubos admits four qualities (hot, cold, dry, moist) and four
substances (yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood); diseases arise from alterations in the
manner in which substances are blended and are differentiated according to where
humors derive and where they end up: a humoral pathology similar to Nature of Man 3 – 4.


H. Grensemann, Abh. Ak. Wiss. Mainz, geist. u. sozialw. Kl. (1968) 2; J. Jouanna, “Le médecin Polybe est-il
l’auteur de plusiers ouvrages de la Collection Hippocratique?” REG 82 (1969) 552–562; Idem,
Hippocrate. La nature de l’homme (CMG 1.1.3) 56; KP 5.1639 (#4), J. Kollesch; RE S.14 (1974) 428–436,
H. Grensemann; OCD3 1211, J.T. Vallance; AML 723 – 724, C. Oser-Grote; BNP 11 (2007) 504– 505
(#6), V. Nutton.
Daniela Manetti


Poludeuke ̄s (250 BCE – 565 CE)


A  T (2.15 Puschm.), in a series of collyria containing saffron,
glaukion, and sarkokolla, gives his recipe additionally including fresh roses, gum, and
opium. Cf. the “Parrot” collyrium of H (M.), and S  B.


(*)
PTK


Polueide ̄s (250 BCE – 25 CE)


The “sphragis” of Polueide ̄s – composed of aloes, alum, khalkanthon, myrrh, pomegran-
ate flowers, and bull gall, ground in dry wine – is repeatedly prescribed for wounds by
pharmacists from C 5.20.2 and A, in G CMGen 5.12 (13.834 K.),
through P  A 7.12.21 (CMG 9.2, p. 318). P 17.9 (CMG 10.1.1,
p. 24) cites his remedy for snake bite: drink alkibiadion juice and apply the mash to
the wound; Paulos mentions his cream for anthrax, 4.25.2 (9.1, pp. 346–347). Diller
argued he was merely a brand-name, for the mythical early doctor, as at -G,
I (14.675 K.), but Gale ̄n himself cites this Polueide ̄s as an individual, and
places him after A: CMGen 3.3 (13.612 K.), CMLoc 3.1, 3.3 (12.611, 690–191 K.).


RE 21.2 (1952) 1661–1662 (#12), H. Diller.
PTK


Poluidos of Thessalia (360 – 320 BCE)


Poluidos, whose students included K and D, designed siege machines for
Philip II for the siege of Buzantion in 340– 339 BCE (V 10.13.3), and wrote de
machinationibus (A M. p. 10 W.; Vitruuius 7.pr.14), of which nothing survives.


BNP 11 (2007) 527 (#4), M. Folkerts.
GLIM


Polukleitos of Argos or Sikuo ̄n (ca 460 – 415 BCE)


Polukleitos was born in Argos or Sikuo ̄n around 480 BCE and died probably in 415 BCE. He
sculpted almost exclusively in bronze and preferably standing virile naked youths. The main
motif in his sculpted work is the contrapost position which had already been invented and
which Polukleitos brought to perfection. According to G (PHP 5.3.16 = CMG 5.4.1.2,
p. 308), he wrote a treatise entitled Kano ̄n, arguing that “beauty lies in the proportion (sum-


POLUDEUKE ̄S
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