comprehensive but incomplete work), and in the complete but more synoptic Outlines of
Pyrrhonism (“PH”). In addition, Sextus’ third surviving work, Pros Mathe ̄matikous (Against the
Learned), discusses six specialized fields of study, of which several are scientific: grammar,
rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astrology, and music (i.e., musical theory).
OCD3 1398 – 1399, G. Striker; ECP 488 – 490, J. Allen; NP 12/2.1104–1106 (#2), M. Frede.
Richard Bett
S P ⇒ (1) A, P; (2) P P
Sextus of Apollo ̄nia
Some later versions of the catalogue of Empiricist physicians (P, Comm. on
Galen’s On the Sects p. 77 Baffioni = D fr.13e van der Eijk; cf. also fr.7a Deichgr.)
include an apocryphal “Sextus of Apollo ̄nia” whose name results from a textual conflation
between S E and either A A or A
B (named last in other versions of the catalogue: cf. fr.7b Deichgr.).
Deichgräber (1930) 40–41.
Fabio Stok
Siburius of Bordeaux (350 – 390 CE)
Physician mentioned among his sources by M B, who also says that
he worked recently, and was an eminent citizen of Bordeaux (pr.2). He is possibly the
Siburius addressee of eight letters of Symmachus (Epist. 3.43–45: 375– 380 CE) and of one
of Libanius (Epist. 963: 390 CE; mentioned in epist. 973, 982, 989), who was a follower of
archaistic style (Symm. Epist. 3.44), magister officiorum of Emperor Gratian about 379 and
Praefectus praetorio Galliarum in 379 (Cod. Theod. 11.31.7).
RE 2.A2 (1923) 2072–2073 (#1), J. Seeck; PLRE 1 (1971) 839 (#1); Matthews (1975) 72–73.
Fabio Stok
Siculus Flaccus (100 – 200? CE)
One of the authors whose work appears in the Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum (see H).
He refers to a decision of Domitian on unsurveyed land, but we know nothing
of his life. Since he refers to “our profession,” he was presumably a practicing surveyor.
Writing in a didactic tone, as if offering advice to surveyors, but in a clear and coherent
style, he analytically deploys a wealth of technical knowledge and shows considerable pride
in the achievements and role of land surveyors. Flaccus establishes the history and context
of land holding in Italy, Rome’s gradual acquisition of more territory, and the foundation
of settlements. Within his three categories of land – “occupied” (i.e., without formal div-
ision), “quaestorian” (sold off by the state), “divided and allocated” (land formally surveyed
for setting up colonies) – he describes boundary marking techniques, boundary disputes,
and the principles for conducting a survey. He discusses limites in allocated lands (those
facing east and west were decumani and those facing north and south kardines), describing how
units of land division (centuriae) were normally 20 actus square with an area of 200 iugera
(50.4 hectares). However, he recognizes many variations in the layout of centuriae, borne out
by modern archaeological investigation.
Thulin (1913); CAR 1 (1993); Campbell (2000) 102–133.
Brian Campbell
SEXTUS OF APOLLO ̄NIA