Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic and Waste Systems

90 4 Taxonomy, Physiology, and Ecology of Aquatic Microorganisms

Table 4.10 (continued)

Order Caudovirales – tailed bacteriophages
Family
Subfamily Genus Type species Hosts
Entomopoxvirinae Entomopoxvirus A Melolontha melolontha
entomopoxvirus

Invertebrates

Entomopoxvirus B Amsacta moorei entomopoxvirus Invertebrates

Entomopoxvirus C Chironomus luridus

entomopoxvirus

Invertebrates

Rhizidovirus Rhizidomyces virus Fungi

Rudiviridae Rudivirus Sulfolobus virus SIRV1 Archaea

Tectiviridae Tectivirus Enterobacteria phage PRD1 Bacteria

Table 4.11 Group II: The ssDNA viruses (Reproduced from Van Regenmortel et al. 2005 ; http://www.microbiologybytes.com/
virology/VirusGroups.html#VI; Anonymous 2005. With permission)

Group II: ssDNA viruses
Family
Subfamily Genus Type species Hosts
Anellovirus Torque teno virus Vertebrates
Circoviridae Circovirus Porcine circovirus Vertebrates
Gyrovirus Chicken anemia virus Vertebrates
Geminiviridae Mastrevirus Maize streak virus Plants
Curtovirus Beet curly top virus Plants
Topocuvirus Tomato pseudo­curly top virus Plants
Begomovirus Bean golden mosaic virus Plants
Inoviridae Inovirus Enterobacteria phage M13 Bacteria
Plectrovirus Acholeplasma phage MV­L51 Bacteria
Microviridae Microvirus Enterobacteria ØX174 Bacteria
Spiromicrovirus Spiroplasma phage 4 Spiroplasma
Bdellomicrovirus Bdellovibrio phage MAC1 Bacteria
Chlamydiamicrovirus Chlamydia phage 1 Bacteria
Nanoviridae Nanovirus Subterranean clover stunt virus Plants
Babuvirus Banana bunchy top virus Plants
Parvoviridae: Parvovirinae Parvovirus Mice minute virus Vertebrates
Erythrovirus B19 virus Vertebrates
Dependovirus Adeno­associated virus 2 Vertebrates
Amdovirus Aleutian mink disease virus Vertebrates
Bocavirus Bovine parvovirus Vertebrates
Densovirinae Densovirus Junonia coenia densovirus Invertebrates
Iteravirus Bombyx mori densovirus Invertebrates
Brevidensovirus Aedes aegypti densovirus Invertebrates
Pefudensovirus Periplanta fuliginosa densovirus Invertebrates
Circovirus Porcine circovirus Vertebrates

4.1.7.3 Bacteriophages in the Aquatic Environment

Until recently, it was thought that aquatic environ­
ments, marine and freshwater, were devoid of viruses.
New techniques now show them to be abundant in the

aquatic environment, where they contribute to nutrient

cycle by lysing microorganisms. All microorganisms,

bacteria (bacteriophages), fungi (mycophages), algae

(phycophages), and protozoa are attacked by viruses

(phages, phago = eat, Greek) which attack (eat) them.