1358
Claudet, Antoine-François-Jean; Carte-de-Visite;
Cabinet Cards; and Photographic News (1858–1908).
Further Reading
Anon, “Five Minutes in a Photographic Caravan” in The
Photographic News, vol. 30 No.1434, February 26, 1886,
133–134.
Henisch, Heinz K., and Henisch, Bridget A., The Photographic
Experience 1839–1914, University Park: The Pennsylvania
University Press, 1994.
Wall, E. J., Dictionary of Photography, London: Hazell, Watson
and Viney, 1897.
Jones, Bernard E (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Photography New York:
Arno Press (reprint of 1911 edition, London: Cassell) 1974.
Price, William Lake, Manual of Photographic Manipulation,
London: John Churchill and Sons, 1868.
Tissandier, Gaston, A History and Handbook of Photography,
London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington,
1878,
STURMEY, JOHN JAMES HENRY
(1857–1930)
Henry Sturmey, born in the Somerset village of Nor-
ton-sub-Hamden February 28, 1857, started a career in
the burgeoning late Victorian leisure industry through
a passion for cycling. An early promoter of the Bicycle
Touring Club (later Cyclists’ Touring Club), Sturmey
teamed up with the publisher William Iliffe to edit the
“Cyclist,” after his compilation of the “Indispensable
Bicyclist’s Handbook in 1877. In the early 1880s,
Sturmey moved into photography, joining forces with
the journalist Walter Welford to produce Photography
(1888), later absorbed into Amateur Photographer
(founded 1884).
Sturmey’s collaboration with Welford led to the
publication of their two major encyclopaedias, The
Photographer’s Indispensable Handbook (1887), on
photographic apparatus, and the Indispensable Hand-
book to the Optical Lantern (1888). Sturmey also edited
the Photographic Reference Book (1897; 2nd ed. 1904),
as well as the fi rst volumes in the series Photography
Annual, from 1891.
By the mid 1890s, however, Sturmey’s main area of
interest had passed to the automobile. He founded and
edited Autocar (1895), and invested heavily in the Great
Horseless Carriage Company; in 1900 he became one of
the early victims of an automobile accident. Sturmey’s
later career is entirely linked to the car industry, found-
ing Sturmey Motors and launching the Lotis car range,
which went into liquidation in 1911.
In later life, Sturmey concentrated on the design and
patent of a fi ve—hub cycle gear, but this never reached the
manufacturing stage. He became something of a recluse
in his fi nal years, dying in Coventry January 8 1930.
David Webb
SUN ARTISTS JOURNAL
The Sun Artists Journal is a signifi cant example of
photogravure in the history of the photographically il-
lustrated book. Sun Artists was published in eight parts
by Keegan Paul, Trench and Trübner, London between
October 1889 and July 1891. Each Issue was devoted
to the work of a single British photographer, illustrated
by four hand-pulled photogravures, together with an
introductory descriptive essay. Laurence Housman was
commissioned to provide the cover design for the series,
the letterpress being by the Chiswick Press.
Particular care was taken by the publisher of Sun
Artists to identify the individuals who prepared the
gravures for publication, all leading exponents of pho-
togravure at the time. Mr Dawson of the Typographic
Etching Company, himself an acclaimed photographer,
made the etchings for Issue 1. Mr Cameron Swan of
Messrs Annan and Swan made those for Issues 2, 3,
and 4 while the etchings for Issues 5–8 were made by
Mr W.L. Coll.
Issue number 1 featured the work of Colonel Joseph
Gale (d. 1906) (essay by George Davison): Sleepy
Hollow, A foggy day on the Thames, Brixham trawlers,
Homewards from the plough.
Issue 2, Henry Peach Robinson (1830–1901) (essay
by Andrew Pringle): Carolling
A merry tale, Dawn and Sunset, When the day’s
work is done.
Issue 3, James Booker Blakemore Wellington
(1858–1939) (essay by Graham Balfour): Eventide, A
tidal river, East Coast, The broken saucer, A study of
sheep.
Issue 4, Lyddell Sawyer (1856–1900) (essay by Rev.
F.C. Lambert): Waiting for the boats, The castle garth,
In the twilight, The boat builders.
Issue 5, Julia Margaret Cameron (1815–1879) (essay
by P.H. Emerson): The kiss of peace, Sir John Herschel,
Lord Tennyson, The day dream.
Issue 6, Benjamin Gay Wilkinson (1857–1927) (es-
say by Rev. F.C.Lambert):
Sand dunes, Prawning, A pastoral, A windy corner.
Issue 7, Mrs F.W.H. Meyers (1856—1937) (essay by
John Addington Symonds):
Robert Browning, Right Honourable W.E. Gladstone,
M.P., Rebekah at the well, The summer garden. Myers,
née Eveleen Tennant, was a highly regarded portrait
photographer.
Issue 8, Frank Meadow Sutcliffe (1853–1941) (essay
by Charles N. Armfi eld):
Water rats, Dinner time, Excitement, Sunshine and
shower. The six man editorial board for Sun Artists, head-
ed by W. Arthur Boord, announced in the introduction to
the fi rst issue that they sought to “emphasize the artistic
claims of photography by reproducing the best work
of the best photographers in the best possible manner”