I 10
INDEX
Burton brothers, 995
Burty, Phillipe, 347
Busch, Edward, 121
Bausch and Lomb, 121
Busch, Emil, 231–232
Buschmann, Joseph-Ernest, 301
Busch-Rathenow Company, optical
manufacturer, 232
Business directories, 10–11
B.W. Kilburn Company, 796–797
Byerly, Jacob, 232
daguerreotypes, 232
C
Cabinet cards, 233–234, 693–694, 1123
in advertising, 10
albums, 233
borders, 233
British Royal family, 432
camera design, 248–249
celebrities, 233
characterized, 233
compositional options, 233
Denmark, 410
development, 233
humor, 725
as international standard, 233
mass reception of images, 689
photographers utilizing, 233
props and backdrops, 233
Sarony, Napoleon, 233
size, 233
subjects, 233–234
Cadby, Carine, 790
Cadett, James
mechanization of plate and fi lm coating,
234
shutters, 234
Cadett and Heall Dry Plate Ltd, 234–235
chemical developers, 234
Dry Plates, 235
Eastman Kodak Company, takeover, 235
exposure tables and calculators, 235
growth, 234
orthochromatic plates, 234
plate coating machines, 235
Caffi n, Charles Henry
art critic, 235–237
biography, 235, 236–237
compared photography with painting, 236
Photography as a Fine Art, 236
Photo-Secession, 236, 237
proponent of photography as art, 236
Caire, Nicholas John, Australia, 237
Caldesi, Leonida, 237–238
art reproductions, 237–238
portraits, 238
royal photography, 238
California
Gold Rush, industrial photography, 743
Houseworth, Thomas, 716
Vance, Robert H., 1440
Watkins, Carleton E., 1478
Weed, Charles Leander, 1484
Calotype Club, see also Photographic Club
collodion process, 684
Cundall, Joseph, 354
established, 608
Hunt, Robert, founding member, 731
Owen, Hugh, founding member, 1041
Calotypes, 9, 239–242, 386, 1101
Adamson, John, 6–7
Adamson, Robert, 678, 679
Archer, Frederick Scott, 55
copyright, 56
artists’ studies, 85
Bartholdi, Auguste, 117
Bayard, Hippolyte, 124
Brewster, Henry Craigie, 208
Brewster, Sir David, 208
Bridges, Reverend George Wilson, 211–212
Buckle, Samuel, 228
Caneva, Giacomo, 267
Collen, Henry, fi rst professional calotypist,
312
daguerreotypes
compared, 239, 241, 370
limitations, 55
Edinburgh Calotype Club, 470–471
Egypt, 1408, 1493
exposure, 240, 516
Fenton, Roger, 525–526
formulas, 241
general term for, 239
genre photography, 575–576
Germany, 581, 582
Graham, James, 605–606
Grand Tour, 821–822
Greece, 618
Greenlaw process, 622
Hetzer, William, 656
Hilditch, George, 657
Hill, David Octavius, 678, 679
Humbert de Molard, Baron Louis-Adolphe,
723, 724
innovations, 723–724
Hungary, 727
improvements, 677
Innes, Cosmo Nelson, 746
Ireland, 750
Italy, 753–754
non-Italians, 754
Roman School of Photography, 754
Jeuffrain, Paul, 774, 775
Jones, Calvert Richard, 781–783
Langenheim, Friedrich, American patent
rights, 825
Langenheim, Wilhelm, American patent
rights, 825
Le Secq, Henri (Jean-Louis Henri Le Secq
des Tournelles), 838, 839
McCosh, John, 911–912
medical photography, 916
modifi cations to paper negative, 241
Nègre, Charles, 983
night photography, 1007
paper substrate, 240
patents, 341, 607, 1378
Philpot, John Brampton, 1072
photographic paper, 1051–1052
portraits
in England, 678
Talbot, William Henry Fox, 678
Prevost, Charles Henry Victor, 1170–1171
Régnault, Henri-Victor, 1185–1186
Rigby, Lady Elizabeth Eastlake, 1195
Rodger, Thomas, 1204
sensitization, 240
Spain, 1325
stabilization, 240–241
Talbot, William Henry Fox, 239, 341, 607,
1378
calotype printing establishment at
Reading, 678
fi rst commercial photographically
illustrated book, 678
subjects, 678
Trémaux, Pierre, 1408traveling photographers, 241
united photography and printed word,
241–242
United States
limited success, 681
not widely practiced in, 678
Vignes, Louis, 1454
waxed paper process, difference between,
1481
waxing, 241
Wheelhouse, Claudius Galen, 1493
women photographers, 1504
Calotype Society, 32
Cambodia, 1318
Camera accessories, 242–244, see also Specifi c
type
Camera Club, Sambourne, Edward Linley,
1241
Camera Club of London, founded, 612
Camera clubs, see also Photographic societies
Edinburgh Calotype Club, 470–471
founding, 32
Camera design, 244–257, 253–255
1830-1840, 244–245
basic design, 245
plate sizes, 245
1850s, 246–247, 685
bellows cameras, 246
folding cameras, 246
internal processing, 246
stereoscopic cameras, 246–247
wood vs. metal, 247
1860–1870, 247–248
professional studio vs. amateur cameras,
247
repeating back, 248
sliding box cameras, 247
tailboard cameras, 247
1880–1900, 249–251
Bourdin, Jules André Gabriel, 195–196
Bourne, John Cooke, 196
Brownell, Frank A., 224–225
Brownie cameras, 224, 225
Kodak, 224, 225
cabinet cards, 248–249
cameras disguised as other objects, 253
carte-de-visite, 248–249
collodion, 685
fi rst photographic camera, 254
hand cameras, 249–251
box-form plate cameras, 250
Brownie cameras, 250
compact collapsing hand cameras, 250
detective cameras, 250
folding hand cameras, 250–251
Kodak cameras, 250
magazine plate cameras, 250
rollholders, 250
Kinnear, Charles George Hood, 799
Kodak cameras, 250–252
actions, 251
celluloid roll fi lm, 251
exposures, 251
glass plates, 251
loading or unloading, 251
negatives, 251
panoramic, 251
revolutionary aspect, 251
stereoscopic, 251
very low cost, 252
McKellen, Samuel Dunseith, 913
father of modern camera, 913
novelty cameras, 253
panoramic cameras, 255–256