increase in cerebellar activation appears to be associated with greater novelty of rhythm
discrimination, consistent with other neuroimaging findings^71 and new hypotheses of cere-
bellar function.^37
The activations in prefrontal cortical areas BAs 9, 10, and 47 are likely supporting work-
ing memory processes.^48 The activation in prefrontal and inferior parietal areas follows
similar indications in the recent neurological study of tone duration discrimination.^64
We speculate that activations in temporal, frontal, and midbrain may be involved in pro-
cessing the temporal grouping structure of rhythms.
259Figure 17.11 Activations in bilateral medial frontal cortex (BA 9) and bilateral inferior parietal cortex (BA 40)
for musicians (B) as compared to nonmusicians (A) during the discrimination of sequence durations.^49 Shown
are group-averaged PET images for each task (contrasted with rest) overlaid on anatomical MRIs. (See Plate 15 in
colour section.)
Figure 17.12 Activations in posterior cerebellum as nonmusicians and musicians discriminate meter, tempo,
pattern, and duration.^49 Shown are group-mean PET images for each task (contrasted with rest) overlaid on
MRIs. (See Plate 16 in colour section.)