Linux Kernel Architecture

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locking mechanisms(continued)

locking mechanisms(continued)

lock contention and fine-grained locking,

365–366

memory and optimization barriers,

359–361

mutexes, 362–364

overview of, 351–352

per-CPU counters, 364–365

radix trees, 961

RCU (read-copy update), 357–359

reader/writers locks, 361

semaphores, 355–357

spinlocks, 353–355

logging events

closing logs, 1110

Ex3 log records, 639

overview of, 1108–1109

starting, 1109

writing log messages, 1109

lookup mechanisms

do_follow_linkfunction, 569–570

do_lookupfunction, 568

for finding inodes, 565–568

loops, C optimization, 1187–1189

low latency, scheduler, 131–132

low-resolution timers, 897–907

data structures, 900–902

dynamic ticks and, 935

dynamic timers.See alsodynamic timers

jiffies, 900

overview of, 897

timer activation and process accounting,

897–899

types of timers, 894

LRU (least recently used) algorithm,

1026–1027

LRU (least recently used) cache

_breadfunction, 987–988

data structures, 983–984

filesystems and, 988

_getblkfunction, 985–987

interface functions, 984

isolating LRU pages, 1065–1068

mode of operation, 982–983

overview of, 982

page reclaim data structures, 1056–1057

LSM (Linux security modules), 830

lumpy reclaim technique, 1065–1068

LXR cross-referencing tool, 1161–1163

overview of, 1161–1162

working with, 1162–1163

M

MAC addresses, TCP/IP reference model,

735

macros, C programming, 1207–1208

main scheduler, 100–101

mainline kernels, 1268

maintainers, in kernel development

command chai, 1269

major numbers

device representation, 401–402

opening device files and, 411

representation of character and block

devices, 398

Makefiles

driver and subsystem Makefiles,

1158–1160

main Makefile, 1157–1158

malloc, 256

mappings, memory.Seememory mappings

masking interrupts, 852

masking signals, 381

masquerading, 778

memory addresses, alignment of data and,

1119

memory and optimization barriers, in IPC,

359–361

preemption mechanisms, 360

reorder instructions, 359–360

memory management, 133–288

architecture-independent page flags,

151–153