Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

Index 1249

draft 730 drainage systems cities 216, 218, 232 mining, quarrying, and salt making 749 drama and theater 327–339. See also theaters (buildings) Africa 328–329 Americas 338–339 Asia and the Pacifi c 332– 333, 332f Egypt 329–330, 329f Europe 333–334 Greece 334–335, 334f literature 639, 658–659 Middle East 330–331, 331f Rome 335–338, 336m, 337 f Dramatic Ramesseum Papy- rus 330 Dravidian languages 613 dream interpretation 860 dresses 272, 273 droughts agriculture 22, 23, 29 climate and geography 238, 244, 245, 248 health and disease 546 migration and population movements 699 natural disasters 776, 778–779 drugs health and disease 550 science 930, 944 Druids calendars and clocks 169 drama and theater 333 festivals 468 government organization 525 health and disease 551, 552 literature 654 numbers and counting 803 religion and cosmology 832, 850–851 social organization 1028 war and conquest 1143 drums inventions 594 music and musical instru- ments 763, 765, 772–773 drying storage and preservation 1061, 1064–1068, 1070 textiles and needlework 1077, 1078 dry weight 1180 duels crime and punishment 302 sports and recreation 1050 war and conquest 1142 dugout canoes 979 dukedoms 526

Dupuytren’s disease 551 duty (tax) 1105 dux bellorum 409 dwarfs 547 dyes clothing and footwear 278 economy 345 science 928 textiles and needlework 1073, 1082, 1083 trade and exchange 1097 dynastic families 507–508 Dynastic Period (Egypt) craft s 287–288 social organization 1020– 1021 dynasties. See empires and dynasties

E Eanna mound 212, 912 Early Bronze Age architecture 74 art 110 migration and population movements 703 military 731 Early Classic Period (Ameri- cas) art 120 government organization 537 Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) architecture 62 art 99 borders and frontiers 142 cities 206 craft s 286 death and burial practices 313 empires and dynasties 392, 397 metallurgy 679 war and conquest 1131 Early Formative Period (Americas) 322 Early Horizon Period (Ameri- cas) empires and dynasties 421 occupations 818 Early Intermediate Period (Americas) 818 Early Iron Age economy 362 foreigners and barbarians 488 Early Neolithic 316 Early Preclassic Period (Meso- america) art 119 building techniques and materials 161 social organization 1041– 1042

Early Stone Age economy 342–343 foreigners and barbarians 487 Early Woodland Period (Americas) art 119 empires and dynasties 418–419 government organization 538–539 ear piercing 12 earspools adornment 14 art 119 Earth 131, 837, 845 earthquakes climate and geography 248 natural disasters 775, 776, 779, 781, 782 East Africa 692 Easter Island art 104 building techniques and materials 155 hunting, fi shing, and gath- ering 576 Eastern Han Dynasty cities 217 gender structures and roles 498 Eastern United States 48 Eastern Zhou Dynasty cities 217 empires and dynasties 403 government organization 520 war and conquest 1136– 1137 Ebers papyrus 821 Ebro Valley 222 Ecclesiazusae and Plutus (Aristophanes) 335 eclipse 127, 130 Ecologues (Virgil) 663 economy 341–375 Africa 342–346 agriculture 23, 37 Americas 371–375 Asia and the Pacifi c 355– 359, 355f Egypt 346–350, 347f Europe 359–362, 359f family 448 Greece 362–366 Middle East 350–355, 351f migration and population movements 714 nomadic and pastoral soci- eties 790 Rome 366–371, 368f, 371 m social organization 1015– 1016 trade and exchange 1099 ecosystems 237–238 Edfu, temple of 60

Edict of Caracalla 482 Edomites 701 education 375–386 Africa 376–377 Americas 385–386 Asia and the Pacifi c 380– 381, 381f children 190, 192, 193, 195, 196 Egypt 377–378, 378f Europe 381–382 Greece 382–384 language 619 Middle East 378–380, 379f music and musical instru- ments 770, 771 Rome 384–385, 385f social organization 1017, 1038 Edwin Smith Medical Papyrus 548 eel baskets 578 effi gy fi gures 338 efi sem 297 egalitarianism 1020, 1040 eggs 473, 477 Egypt. See also Lower Egypt adornment 4–6, 5f agriculture 20–24, 21f, 44–45, 49 architecture 56–60, 59f art 93–97, 95f astronomy 124–126, 125f borders and frontiers 141–14 2 , 141f building techniques and materials 152–154 calendars and clocks 165– 166, 166f ceramics and pottery 176 –178, 177f children 189–190, 190f cities 205–210, 206f climate and geography 239–244, 241m, 243 f, 264 clothing and footwear 274–275, 275f craft s 286–288, 287f crime and punishment 297–299, 298f death and burial practices 313 –314, 314f, 323–324 drama and theater 329– 330, 329f economy 346–350, 347f education 377–378, 378f empires and dynasties 387, 392–396, 395f employment and labor 426–427 exploration 437–438 family 449–450 festivals 463–464 food and diet 474–475 foreigners and barbarians 484–485

1235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1249 1249 10/10/07 3:32:23 PM

Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

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