Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

1266 Index

modeling (ceramics) 176–178 modes (music) 763, 770 Moeris, Lake 242 Mogollon 1095 Mohenjo Daro cities 201, 202, 218 social collapse and aban- donment 1004 social organization 1023 Mohists 934 molds ceramics and pottery 177 metallurgy 679, 683, 686 monarchies 530–531 monasteries 377 money and coinage 751–762 Africa 752–753 Americas 762 a r t 110, 113, 117–118 Asia and the Pacifi c 756– 758, 757f cities 220 economy 346, 347, 355, 355 f, 358, 365, 370, 374 Egypt 753–754, 754f employment and labor 426, 434 Europe 758–759 government organization 508–509 Greece 759–760 Middle East 754–756, 756f migration and population movements 710 natural disasters 781–782 Rome 760–762, 761f trade and exchange 1103, 1105, 1106 Mongolia climate and geography 249 exploration 440–441 music and musical instru- ments 767 Mongoloid nomads 704 Mon-Khmer 615 monopoly 389 monotheism 835–836, 844 Mon people 523 monsoons agriculture 32 climate and geography 237, 240, 248, 250 monstra 860 Mont Beuvray 221 Monte Albán architecture 85 art 120 astronomy 133 borders and frontiers 149 calendars and clocks 173 cities 232 empires and dynasties 419, 420 festivals 471 foreigners and barbarians 491

government organization 537 military 736 Monte Verde migration and population movements 721 settlement patterns 972 monuments xxviii, 311–313 Moon. See also lunar entries astronomy 128, 130 festivals 466 Mooncake 466 morabaraba 1048 Morocco. See Mauretania mortar 155 mortar and pestle 564, 570 mortuary feast 317 mortuary goods. See also fu- neral off erings death and burial practices 312 , 313 household goods 562 mortuary practices. See death and burial practices mosaics 116 Moses migration and population movements 699–700 religion and cosmology 835 mothers 188 mothers-in-law 498 Mound Builders 907 mounds building techniques and materials 162 death and burial practices 322 occupations 818 sacred sites 899–900 mountains climate and geography 235, 236, 257, 261–262 sacred sites 903 mourner, professional 810 Mouseion. See Royal Library of Alexandria Mšecke Žehrovice 220 mud bricks building techniques and materials 152 household goods 561, 562, 564 Muesarete 501 Mul.Apin tablets 167 mules agriculture 38 t ra nspor tat ion 1114 multiplication numbers and counting 800 science 929–930 mummies/mummifi cation death and burial practices 311, 313, 321 health and disease 547

inventions 596 migration and population movements 704 science 926, 926f, 927 mummy bundles 323 Mumun Period 477 mundus 226 Munson, Patrick 140 murals art 120–121 literature 666 murex-dyed fabric 1074, 1078 murus gallicus 219, 220 Muses climate and geography 259 literature 657f mushkenum 1020–1021 music and musical instru- ments 762–774. See also singing Africa 763–764 Americas 772–774, 773f Asia and the Pacifi c 766– 768, 767f death and burial practices 316 drama and theater 332, 334 education 383 Egypt 764–765 Europe 768–769 festivals 468 Greece 769–770, 770f household goods 565 Middle East 765–766, 766f Rome 770–772 sports and recreation 1053 Muslims 311 mutilation 298, 299 Mwene Matapa civilization 388 mww-da ncers 313, 314 Mycenaean Age agriculture 37 architecture 74 art 107–108, 110 building techniques and materials 158 ceramics and pottery 183 cities 222 climate and geography 257 empires and dynasties 410 exploration 441 gender structures and roles 500, 501 inventions 601 migration and population movements 711 military 732 mining, quarrying, and salt making 748 religion and cosmology 853 social collapse and aban- donment 1006 trade and exchange 1103 war and conquest 1146

Mycenaean vase 1168f Mysteries (festival) 468 mythology astronomy 130 cities 211 death and burial practices 315, 320 drama and theater 329– 330 employment and labor 431 family 453 foreigners and barbarians 482 gender structures and roles 495–496, 499 hunting, fi shing, and gath- ering 578 literature 641 migration and population movements 711 natural disasters 780 religion and cosmology 832, 841, 843, 844, 856, 858 resistance and dissent 869 scandals and corruption 915

N Nabataeans 701 Nabonidus (king of Babylon) architecture 62 empires and dynasties 398 resistance and dissent 873 scandals and corruption 911 Nabta Basin 124 Nabta Playa religion and cosmology 834 social organization 1012 Naga snakes 332 Nahua people 946 nails 361 nålebinding 600 Namibia 89 Namoratunga pillars architecture 56 astronomy 124 calendars and clocks 164 Nam Viet. See Vietnam Nannar 213 Napata cities 204 war and conquest 1130 Naqâda Period 1087 Naqâda I Period 392 Naqâda II Period 392 Naqâda III Period 871 Nara Period 767 Narmer (king of Egypt) 392 Narmer Pallet 1126 narrative 646–647 Nasca culture vessel 1041f

1235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1266 1266 10/10/07 3:32:25 PM

Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

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