Index 1267Nasca Lines
calendars and clocks 173
festivals 471
Native Americans
drama and theater 338
employment and labor 434
food and diet 481
inventions 603, 605
literature 665
migration and population
movements 719–722
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 750
music and musical instru-
ments 772–773
religion and cosmology
862
sacred sites 907
seafaring and navigation
960–961
social collapse and aban-
donment 1008–1009
war and conquest 1154
nat ron 743 –74 4
Natufi an culture 840
natural disasters 775–785
Africa 776
Americas 782–783
Asia and the Pacifi c
778–779
Egypt 776–777, 777f, 784
Europe 779–780
Greece 780–781
Middle East 777–778, 785
Rome 781–782, 782f
social collapse and aban-
donment 1005–1006
natural environment 546
natural gas 746
Natural History (Naturalis
historia) (Pliny the Elder)
art 113
astronomy 133
climate and geography
270–271
literature 664
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 749
naturalistic medicine 940–
941
natural materials 4
natural resources 243–244
Naucratis trading outpost
712
naval warfare 1128, 1138
navies
military 727
war and conquest 1125,
1126, 1134
navigation. See seafaring and
navigation
Nayarit people 120
Nazca culture
art 122
astronomy 134
children 197foreigners and barbarians
491
sacred sites 908
Nazca Lines
astronomy 134
roads and bridges 892
Neanderthals
exploration 436
migration and population
movements 689
Nea Nikomedeia 360
Near East
climate and geography
243, 244
weaponry and armor 1161
Nebra sky disk 130
Nebuchadnezzer I (king of
Babylon) 398
Nebuchadnezzer II (king of
Babylon)
cities 214
empires and dynasties 398
Necho II (pharaoh of Egypt)
exploration 438, 439
seafaring and navigation
953, 955
t ra nspor tat ion 1112
necromancy 315
necropolises 457
needwork. See textiles and
needlework
Nefertiti (queen of Egypt)
adornment 6
empires and dynasties 394
Nehebkau 464
Neo-Assyrian Empire
architecture 63–64
empires and dynasties 387,
399
gender structures and roles
497
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 745
roads and bridges 886
social organization 1022
war and conquest 1122,
1130, 1132–1133
Neo-Babylonian Empire
architecture 64
cities 214
roads and bridges 886
scandals and corruption
912
Neo-Hittite basalt relief 1002f
Neolithic
agriculture 34–35
art 98
building techniques and
materials 157–158
ceramics and pottery 182
cities 210, 215
climate and geography 239
death and burial practices
318
economy 360–361
food and diet 477–478household goods 566
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 572
inventions 596–597
migration and population
movements 708, 710
military 731
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 794
religion and cosmology
834, 840
science 937
settlement patterns 969
social collapse and aban-
donment 1003
storage and preservation
1064
textiles and needlework
1080
trade and exchange 1098
war and conquest 1141
Neo-Sumerian Period 62
Neptune alter 959f
Nergal 823
Nero (emperor of Rome)
art 115
building techniques and
materials 161
economy 370
empires and dynasties 415
gender structures and roles
502
literature 664
migration and population
movements 718
natural disasters 782
religion and cosmology
861
resistance and dissent 880
scandals and corruption
909, 917
science 942
Nerva (emperor of Rome)
370, 416
Nesilim, Code of the 995–996
netherworld gods 315
Netiv Hagdud 25
Netjerykhet. See Djoser (king
of Egypt)
nets 574, 575
nettle cloth 1079
Newgrange mound
astronomy 129
calendars and clocks 169
sacred sites 902
New Guinea
agriculture 32–33
climate and geography 251
migration and population
movements 707
New Kingdom (Egypt)
architecture 58
art 96
borders and frontiers 142
children 189, 190
cities 208clothing and footwear 274,
275
craft s 286–288
death and burial practices
313
drama and theater 329
economy 346–347, 349,
350
empires and dynasties 391,
394
exploration 437
festivals 464
foreigners and barbarians
485
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 574
laws and legal codes 623,
624
migration and population
movements 696–697
military 726, 727
music and musical instru-
ments 764
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 789
religion and cosmology
840
sacred sites 900
seafaring and navigation
953
social organization 1015
towns and villages 1088
war and conquest 1128–
1130
weaponry and armor 1163
New Stone Age (Europe)
477–478
New Temple (Chavín de
Huántar)
education 386
religion and cosmology
865
New Temple Period (Peru)
538
New Zealand 252
Nguni people 693
Niah cave complex 316
Niger
death and burial practices
313
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 572, 573
Niger-Congo group 610
Nigeria
clothing and footwear 274
crime and punishment
297
migration and population
movements 692–693
Niger River 963f
Niger River valley 344
Nike of Samothrace 112–113
Nile Delta
climate and geography
239, 241–242
settlement patterns 9641235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1267 1267 10/10/07 3:32:25 PM