1268 Index
Nile River
agriculture 20–21
climate and geography
234, 239
exploration 444–445
health and disease 548
migration and population
movements 696
sacred sites 899
t ra nspor tat ion 1112–1113
Nile River valley
agriculture 16, 17
borders and frontiers 141,
14 2
ceramics and pottery 176
cities 204
climate and geography
238, 240, 241, 241m
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 572, 573
settlement patterns 963,
964
Nile silt 176
Nilometer 241
Nilo-Saharan group 610
Nimlot (king of Hermopolis)
1123, 1124
nin (Mespotamian political
leader) 1085
Nine Bows 484–485
Nineteenth Dynasty (Egypt)
394
Nineveh
cities 213
sacred sites 900
Nippur 214
Niuheliang, China 216
Njoro River Cave 313
Noah 778
Noah’s ark 247
nobility 1015, 1022, 1025,
1028, 1036
Nok civilization
adornment 4
art 91–92
ceramics and pottery
175–176
craft s 285
government organization
511
metallurgy 678
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 742
occupations 808
religion and cosmology
835
social collapse and aban-
donment 999
nomadic and pastoral societ-
ies 786–797
Africa 786–788, 787f
Americas 796–797
Asia and the Pacifi c 791–
792, 792m
economy 344
Egypt 788–789
Europe 792–794
Greece 794–795
Middle East 789–791
migration and population
movements 701–704, 715
Rome 795–796
settlement patterns 964
social organization 1011–
1012
nomarchs
government organization
514
resistance and dissent 871
nomes
climate and geography 242
government organization
514
nomoi 628
noncitizens 528, 530. See also
helots
Non Nok Th a site 32
Nordic Bronze Age 499
Nordic mythology 499
Nordic people
exploration 441–442
festivals 467
Noricum 407
North Africa
agriculture 18–19, 43, 44
climate and geography
264
government organization
509–510
migration and population
movements 690, 691
North America
architecture 86–87
climate and geography
264–266
economy 372
government organization
538–539
military 736
towns and villages 1094
war and conquest 1153–
1154
Northeast Trade Winds 237
nozzles, lamp 590
Nubia. See also Kush
art 90
ceramics and pottery 175,
176
cities 204
climate and geography
239–240, 243–244
craft s 285
education 377
empires and dynasties
390–391
foreigners and barbarians
485
household goods 562
metallurgy 678
migration and population
movements 691, 695–697
military 725–726
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 786
occupations 809
religion and cosmology
834–835
resistance and dissent 870
roads and bridges 883–885
sacred sites 898
social collapse and aban-
donment 1001
textiles and needlework
1074, 1075
trade and exchange 1096
war and conquest 1123,
1130
Numantia 717
Numa Pompilius (king of
Rome)
astronomy 132
empires and dynasties 413
numbers and counting
797–806
Africa 798–799
Americas 805–806
Asia and the Pacifi c
801–802
Egypt 799–800, 799f
Europe 802–803
Greece 803–805, 804f
Middle East 800–801
Rome 805
sports and recreation
1047
weights and measures
1172–1173
Numidia 509–510
numismatics 367
nun 899, 900
nutrition 555
nuts and seeds 575
Nyos, Lake 776
O
oars
seafaring and navigation
955, 959
ships and shipbuilding
974, 978
oarsmen 981
oasis
climate and geography 242
roads and bridges 884
Oaxaca
architecture 85
empires and dynasties 419,
420
Oaxaca valley 892
obelisks
architecture 53–54, 59
calendars and clocks 165
death and burial practices
313
obi 9
oblates 988
obols 365
observatories, astronomical
astronomy 124
calendars and clocks 173
science 925, 932
obsidian
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 750
trade and exchange 1107
occupations 807–818
Africa 808–809
Americas 817–818
Asia and the Pacifi c
811–813
economy 375
education 382
Egypt 809–810, 810f
employment and labor
428, 431, 434–435
Europe 813–814, 814f
Greece 814–816, 815f
Middle East 810–811
Rome 816 –817
slaves and slavery 991
Oceania
art 104, 105
building techniques and
materials 155
climate and geography 251
clothing and footwear 277
economy 355
employment and labor 430
government organization
524
inventions 598
migration and population
movements 706f
money and coinage
756–757
religion and cosmology
844
social organization 1027
war and conquest 1140
ocher
death and burial practices
312 , 316
religion and cosmology
833
sacred sites 898
Octavian (emperor of Rome).
See also Augustus Caesar
empires and dynasties 415
government organization
533
ships and shipbuilding
982
odeion 224
Odin 852
Odrysian Kingdom (Th race)
1031
Odyssey (Homer)
climate and geography
257, 258, 262, 263
death and burial practices
320, 326
economy 363–364
exploration 442
1235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1268 1268 10/10/07 3:32:26 PM