Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

Index 1269

foreigners and barbarians 488 literature 655–656 money and coinage 759 music and musical instru- ments 769 social organization 1031– 1032 war and conquest 1146– 1147 Oeconomicus (Th e Estate- Manager) (Xenophon) 36 Oedipus the King (Sophocles) 195, 257 Off ering List 643 off erings 899 oikistai 712–714 oikoi economy 352, 354 family 454 occupations 815, 816 social organization 1020, 1021 oikonomia 363 Oikonomikos (Xenophon) 365 oil lamps household goods 562, 568 illumination 583–586, 588–590 oil palms 19 oils, perfumed adornment 7 health and disease 547– 548 Old Akkadian Dynasty empires and dynasties 387 war and conquest 1131, 1132 Old Assyrian Period empires and dynasties 398 war and conquest 1132 Old Babylonian Period astronomy 127 music and musical instru- ments 765 Old Kingdom (Egypt) adornment 6 art 96 children 189 climate and geography 239 clothing and footwear 274 craft s 286, 288 death and burial practices 313 empires and dynasties 392–393 exploration 437 foreigners and barbarians 485 gender structures and roles 495 government organization 512 hunting, fi shing, and gath- ering 573, 574 illumination 585

laws and legal codes 624 literature 643–645 metallurgy 679 migration and population movements 691, 696 military 727 mining, quarrying, and salt making 742 music and musical instru- ments 764 resistance and dissent 871 settlement patterns 964 social organization 1014 sports and recreation 1049 towns and villages 1087– 1088 war and conquest 1126, 1127 Old Stone Age 359 Old Temple architecture 86 art 121–122 calendars and clocks 173 education 386 religion and cosmology 865 Old Testament drama and theater 330, 331 education 380 foreigners and barbarians 486 migration and population movements 699–700 religion and cosmology 832 weights and measures 1175 oligarchies 508–509, 530 olive oil agriculture 40, 41 food and diet 479, 480 household goods 569 illumination 590 olives agriculture 38, 41–42 climate and geography 260 food and diet 480 olla 184 Olmec adornment 13–14 agriculture 46 art 119–120 borders and frontiers 149 children 198 climate and geography 266 clothing and footwear 282–283 death and burial practices 322 drama and theater 338 empires and dynasties 419 employment and labor 434 family 458 festivals 470, 471

foreigners and barbarians 491 government organization 536–537 military 735–736 mining, quarrying, and salt making 750 religion and cosmology 863, 864 resistance and dissent 881 roads and bridges 892 ships and shipbuilding 984 social collapse and aban- donment 1009 social organization 1042 sports and recreation 1057 towns and villages 1095 writing 1192 Olójó 462 Olympiads calendars and clocks 171 sacred sites 904 sports and recreation 1054 Olympian odes 658 Olympian Odes (Pindar) 1058–1059 Olympic Games climate and geography 259 festivals 468 Olympus, Mount 905f oman akyiwade 297 omens astronomy 127, 135–136 government organization 517 pandemics and epidem- ics 823 religion and cosmology 860 science 930, 931 Ona 4 onagers 576 Onomaris 441 “On the Embassy” (Aeschines) 919–920 Opening of the Mouth cer- emony 314 open pit mining 748 Opet 464 oppida cities 218–222 economy 362 military 732 social organization 1029 towns and villages 1092 oracles 840 oral scriptures 832 oral tradition drama and theater 329, 333 literature 639, 641–642, 654, 655, 665 numbers and counting 806 orature 870 orbits 131

orchestra 334, 335 ordeals (punishment) 300– 302 ore purifi cation 680, 684, 685 organ meats 481–482 Orkney Islands building techniques and materials 157 towns and villages 1091 ornamental plants. See horti- culture ornaments 566 orrery 129 Orthodox Church, Ethiopia 462 orthogonal planning 1093 Osiris agriculture 23 drama and theater 330 Osiris, cult of death and burial practices 313 festivals 464 Ostia 261 ostraca 347 Ötzi (iceman) climate and geography 252 death and burial practices 318 metallurgy 682 outcastes 1024 ovens food and diet 479 household goods 561, 562 overla nd t ravel 1117, 1118 overpopulation 1006 Ovid adornment 12 astronomy 132, 133 literature 664 oxen agriculture 38 t ra nspor tat ion 1115, 1118

P Pacifi c Islands agriculture 33 architecture 69 Pacifi c Northwest 265 Pacifi c region. See Asia and the Pacifi c paedagogus 382 Paekche empires and dynasties 405–406 religion and cosmology 845 paganism 858 pagodas 67 paidotribēs 383 paint. See also pigments, mineral household goods 563 textiles and needlework 1073 painted pebbles 1188f

1235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1269 1269 10/10/07 3:32:26 PM

Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

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