Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

Jade votive ax of a fi gure combining human

and animal traits and thought to

represent a supernatural being, Olmec,

from Mexico 863

Head of the Greek philosopher Socrates 878

Ivory panel commemorating Quintus

Aurelius Symmachus, an orator and

fi gure in Roman government and a

prominent pagan 881

Section of the Neolithic Sweet Track, the

oldest prehistoric timber trackway in

Britain, from Somerset, England 888

Iron hipposandal, Roman Britain, found in

London 891

VOLUME IV

Deep gorge in the Atlas Mountains of Africa 898

Limestone stela of Heqaib, from Abydos,

Egypt 900

Iron Age Lindow Man, found in Lindow

Moss, Cheshire, England 903

View of Mount Olympus, in Attica 905

Gold ring bought by a pilgrim and showing

the Roman Temple of Aphrodite at

Palaepaphos 906

Neo-Assyrian stone panel from the palace

of Sennacherib, Nineveh, northern Iraq 912

Base-silver radiate of Carausius, with the

emperors Diocletian and Maximian,

Roman Britain 914

Unwrapped mummy of a woman, perhaps

from Th ebes, Egypt, Late Period 926

Bust of Pseudo-Seneca by Peter Paul Rubens 942

Altar to the sea god Neptune, an off ering

from the Roman admiral of the British

fl eet, from Lympne, Kent, England 959

Aerial view of the Niger River and

surrounding savanna during the rainy

season 963

Relief fragment showing Assyrian soldiers

towing a boat through shallow water 967

Painted wooden model of a boat, from Meir,

Egypt 977

Terra-cotta model of a merchant ship,

Amathus, Cyprus 978

Wall painting of Ulysses and the Sirens,

Roman, from Pompeii 983

A Scythian slave and the satyr Marsyas 992

Image of Psyche on a lead coffi n lid, Roman,

made in Lebanon 994

Sarcophagus of Nectanebo II, the last

native ruler of Egypt, from Alexandria 1001

Basalt relief of a gazelle, Neo-Hittite, from

Carchemish, southeastern Anatolia

(modern Turkey) 1002

A Neolithic burial jade carved with faces,

from southern China, Liangzhu culture 1004

Coins from the Hoxne hoard, Roman

Britain, found in Hoxne, Suff olk 1007

Servants carrying food for the king’s tables,

palace of Xerxes, Persepolis, Persia

(modern-day Iran) 1019

Pottery, Japan 1026

Double spout and bridge vessel with pelican

and fi sh, Nasca culture of Peru 1041

Game of 58 Holes, made of ivory inlaid

with gold and blue paste, from Megiddo,

Palestine 1050

Ceramic Liubo players, from China 1052

Bronze group of a bull and acrobat,

Minoan, from Crete 1053

Hockey game, found in the Th emistoclean

wall, Athens 1054

Roman terra-cotta sculpture of two

gladiators fi ghting 1056

Stone hacha (ax), Veracruz, Mexico 1057

Painted wooden model of a granary, from

Aswan, Egypt 1063

Amphora, a ceramic vessel used for storing

and carrying oil and wine and other

commodities, from Athens 1068

Ugandan woman wearing a bark cloth dress 1074

xviii List of Illustrations