Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

Tapestry made of multicolored wool on linen

showing Artemis and Actaeon, Egypt 1076

Wool textile fragment from Persepolis,

Persia (modern-day Iran) 1078

Bone needles from the cave of Courbet,

Penne-Tarn, France 1081

Greek utensil used for unwinding balls of

wool, called Ariadne’s clew box 1081

Mantle border fragment made of cotton and

camelid hair, Peru 1084

Site of ancient walled town, Cameroon,

Central Africa 1087

Gold bracelet or diadem, from the

Phoenician trading center of Th arros,

Sardinia 1099

Steatite seals from the Indus Valley 1100

Iron Age luxury imports from Italy, Rome,

and the Near East, found at Hertfordshire,

England 1102

Th e Crawford Cup, Roman, found on the

border between Syria and Turkey 1105

Petroglyph of camel and horse, from the

Sahara Desert at Tassili, Algeria, North

Africa 1111

Achaemenid Persian gold model chariot

from the region of Takht-i Kuwad,

Tadjikistan 1114

Horse harness fi ttings from Iron Age Britain 1116

Chariot with horse and rider, from a

sarcophagus at Heraklion 1119

Frieze in the temple of the Egyptian

pharaoh Ramses II, showing a listing of

captured cities in Nubia 1127

Clay prism of King Sennacherib 1132

Stone fi gure of the war god Skanda, from

eastern India 1139

Bust of a Greek warrior known as Leonidas 1145

Bronze statuette of the Mars, Roman god of

war, Earith, Cambridgeshire, England 1151

Stone ball found in Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania 1162

Short sword of steel, bronze, and gold from

eastern Central Asia 1165

Spear thrower carved in the shape of a

mammoth, from the rock shelter of

Montastruc, Tarn-et-Garonne, France 1167

Vase from Mycenae portraying warriors in

battle gear 1168

Sixteenth-century shield depicting Roman

battle scene 1170

Bronze duck weight, found in the treasury

at Persepolis, Persia (modern-day Iran) 1175

Bronze steelyard with lead weights from

Roman Britain 1178

Red porphyry one talent weight, from

Knossos 1179

Roman cup or bowl depicting a man

carving the number 7 on a nilometer, a

device used to measure the water level

of the Nile’s annual fl ood 1181

Abu Simbel—hymn in praise of the

Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II 1185

Clay tablet with Babylonian inscription,

found in the treasury of Persepolis,

Persia (modern-day Iran) 1186

Pillar edict of the emperor Asoka from

Uttar Pradesh, India 1188

Painted pebbles from cave of Mas d’Azil,

Ariége, France 1188

Bilingual milestone marker 1190

Pottery inkwell from Roman Britain,

inscribed with its owner’s name,

Iucundus 1191

List of Illustrations xix