CIVIL ENGINEERING FORMULAS

L

2

L

B B

A

E E

L

DA D

CCP B

C

P

(a) (b) Beam

mechanism

(c) Frame

mechanism

(d) Combination

mechanism

(e) (f) (g)

AADDAD

B

P

E BB

E

CCCE

AD

B

E

C

1.5P

1.5P

1.5P

L

2

L

2

L

2

θL

2

θL

θL 2

2

θL

(^2) θ
θ
θ
θ θ
θ
θ θ
θ
θ
θ
2 θ^2 θ
L
2
L
2
L
2
FIGURE 2.11 Ultimate-load possibilities for a rigid frame of constant section with fixed bases.
48