Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture: practices, sustainability and implications

170 Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture – Practices, sustainability and implications

(mean =0.68 million tonnes) (Table

3, Figure 18). The only significant

production trend over this period

was the dramatic effect of the

El Niño event on the Peruvian

anchovy catch (and consequently

fishmeal and fish oil production

in Peru), with global fishmeal and

fish oil production decreasing by

41.8 percent and 47.9 percent,

respectively, from one year to the

next after the 1997–1998 El Niño.

Latest International Fishmeal and

Fish Oil Organisation (IFFO)

estimates for total fishmeal and

fish oil production in 2005 within

the Americas have been reported

as 3.37 million tonnes and 0.55

million tonnes, or 57.3 percent

and 57.1 percent of total global

fishmeal and fish oil production

for 2005, respectively (Mittaine,

2006).

Fishmeal and fish oil production

in Peru and Chile exceeds that of

all other countries, Peru and Chile

alone accounting for 83.5 percent

of total fishmeal production

(Figures 19 and 20) and

78.3 percent of total fish oil

production (Figures 21 and 22)

within the Americas in 2005; the

United States of America ranked

third in the region in terms

of fishmeal (8 percent) and

fish oil (13.6 percent) production

(Mittaine, 2006). Of particular

note is that 70 percent of the

total fishmeal production and

35 percent of the total fish oil

production within the region were

not reported to FAO on a species-

specific level in 2004 (Tables 2

and 3).

3.3.2 Fishmeal and fish oil trade

Figures 23 and 24 show the

reported total production, exports

and imports of fishmeal and fish

oil from the Americas from 1995

to 2005, respectively. The region is

a net exporter of fishmeal and to a lesser extent fish oil, with exports closely following

production trends. Globally in 2005, the region accounted for 68.5 percent of total

FIGURE 16

Total capture fisheries landings of Brazilian sardinella,

capelin and atka mackerel within the Americas

Source: FAO (2006a), except 2005 data from NMFS (2007)

FIGURE 18

Relationship between total global fish oil production

and fish oil production within the Americas

Source: FAO (2006a), except 2005 data from Mittaine (2006)

Source: FAO (2006a), except 2005 data from Mittaine (2006)

FIGURE 17

Relationship between total global fishmeal production

and fishmeal production within the Americas