Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture: practices, sustainability and implications

182 Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture – Practices, sustainability and implications

countries, including Norway and Chile (Gill, 2000; SCAHAW, 2003; Ø. Jakobsen,

Marine Harvest Ingredients, Norway, personal communication, 2004).

Production Food uses Non-food

uses

Reduction Other uses

World 132 523 900 102 777 264 29 746 636

America 22 908 742 12 989 761 9 918 982 9 352 129 566 853

North and Central 9 089 622 7 471 696 1 617 926 1 238 846 379 080

North America 6 951 773 5 769 188 1 182 585 837 854 344 731

Caribbean 199 109 174 931 24 178 500 23 678

Central America 1 938 740 1 527 577 411 163 400 492 10 671

South America 13 819 120 5 518 064 8 301 056 8 113 283 187 773

Argentina 916 246 916 245 1 0 1

Belize 15 353 5 353 10 000 0 10 000

Bolivia 6 974 6 973 1 0 1

Brazil 1 086 504 1 014 000 72 504 72 500 4

Canada 1 229 925 1 043 951 185 974 99 220 86 754

Chile 4 185 188 1 418 261 2 766 927 2 592 388 174 539

Colombia 218 689 218 689 0 0 0

Costa Rica 49 873 47 862 2 011 2 000 11

Cuba 68 363 68 361 2 0 2

Ecuador 465 084 365 082 100 002 100 000 2

Greenland 238 205 226 055 12 150 2 000 10 150

Guatemala 30 480 30 469 11 0 11

Honduras 30 835 30 832 3 0 3

Mexico 1 523 675 1 253 075 270 600 270 000 600

Nicaragua 22 331 22 330 1 0 1

Panama 229 652 101 117 128 535 128 492 43

Peru 6 103 478 756 468 5 347 010 5 347 007 3

USA 5 483 285 4 498 824 984 461 736 634 247 827

Venezuela (Bolivarian

Republic of)

540 161 540 159 2 0 2

*Information presented is calculated from the FAO Food Balance Sheets for 2003, with total fisheries production

(capture fisheries and aquaculture combined) differentiated in terms of food uses (for direct human consumption)

and non-food uses, including reduction into fishmeal and fish oil, and other miscellaneous uses (the latter

includes use as a direct aquaculture feed, breed/bait and ornamental fish (S. Vannuccini, Data and Statistics Unit,

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome, personal communication, 2007).

TABLE 6

Reported food and non-food uses for total fishery production in 2003* (tonnes, live weight)

4. SUSTAINABILITY OF REDUCTION FISHERIES AND FEED USE
   4.1 Review of the impacts of reduction fisheries and feed on ecosystems
   4.1.1 Status of exploitation of major reduction fisheries in the Americas
   Table 7 summarizes the status of exploitation of the major pelagic and demersal fish
   stocks within the major fishing regions in the Americas according to the FAO review of
   marine capture fisheries (FAO, 2005). According to the FAO review, over 52 percent of
   the world fish stocks are considered to be fully exploited, and as such are populations
   that are already at or very close to their maximum sustainable production limit,